Tag: earthworm

Questions Related to earthworm

Earthworm moves with the help of

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Muscles

  2. Setae

  3. Parapodia

  4. Setae and muscles

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Earthworm is able to move with the help of combined efforts of muscles and setae. Both of them help in longitudinal and circular movement of the muscles. The coelomic fluid acts as a hydraulic skeleton in the body of an earthworm. It helps to provide stiffness to the body and relaxation of the muscles. Thus option D is correct. 

Parapodia is the organ present in polychaetes, marine worms and is helpful in their locomotion. It is absent in earthworms. So, the correct answer is option D.

Pheretima is

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Arboreal

  2. Scansorial

  3. Fossorial

  4. Cursorial

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Pheretima is a fossorial animal that lives in moist soil burrows. In summer, when the topsoil is dry, earthworms burrow deep into the soil. The earthworm burrows are lined by slimy secretion of its body. Temperature regulation while others use the underground habitat for protection from predators or for food storage.

So the correct answer is "Fossorial".

Earthworm is

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Nocturnal

  2. Diurnal

  3. Aquatic

  4. All the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Earthworm is a reddish brown terrestrial invertebrate that inhabits the upper layers of the moist soil rich in decaying matter. It is nocturnal and during the daytime, it lives in burrows made by boring and swallowing the soil.

So the correct answer is 'Nocturnal'.

Find the odd one out:

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Balanoglossus

  2. Herdmania

  3. Saccoglossus

  4. Earthworm

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Earthworm belongs to phylum Annelida where as rest of the three belong to phylum Hemichordate. Hemichordates are said to be connecting link between chordate and non chordate because they have their half of the body with notochord whereas half is without notochord.

The average lifespan of an earthworm is

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. 13-15 years

  2. 28-30 years

  3. 6-9 years

  4. 24-28 years

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The earthworm from the day it emerges from the cocoon to the day it dies, the life expectancy can vary vwdely depending on the type of species. It has an average life span between six to nine years.

So, the correct answer is '6-9 years'.

Dorsal pores of earthworm are meant for passage of

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Coelomic fluid

  2. Blood

  3. Waste materials

  4. Gametes

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Dorsal pores of Earthworm are meant for passage of coelomic fluid which is milky in color and consists of plasma and four types of nucleated corpuscles, namely, phagocytes, nucleated cells, monocytes, and chloragogen cells. When the worm burrows in soil, its posterior muscles contract, forcing the coelomic fluid towards the anterior end.  The anterior end grips the substratum and setae act as anchors on the soil and then the earthworm moves.

So the correct answer is "Coelomic fluid".

Which one of the following processes during decomposition is correctly described ? 

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Fragmentation - Carried out by organisms such as earthworm

  2. Humification - Leads to the accumulation of a dark coloured substance humus which undergoes microbial action at a very fast rate

  3. Catabolism - Last step in the decomposition under fully anaerobic condition

  4. Leeching - Water soluble inorganic nutrients rise to the top layers of soil

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

1. Detritivores (e.g., earthworm) break down detritus into smaller particles through the process of fragmentation.

2. Humification leads to accumulation of a dark coloured amorphous substance called humus that is highly resistant to microbial action and undergoes decomposition at an extremely slow rate.
3. Catabolism is the degradation of detritus into
simpler inorganic substances in aerobic conditions.
4. By the process of leaching, water-soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil horizon and get precipitated as unavailable salts.
So, the correct option is 'Fragmentation - Carried out by organisms such as earthworm'.

The clitellum of Pheretima is present in segments 

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. 12,13 and 14

  2. 13, 14 and 15

  3. 14, 15 and 16

  4. 15, 16 and 17

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • The clitellum is a thickened glandular and non-segmented section of the body wall located in 14, 15 and 16 segment of the earthworm that secretes a viscid sac in which the eggs are deposited.
  • The clitellum is part of the reproductive system of earthworm. It also secretes a viscous fluid to form a cocoon for it's eggs. In earthworms the clitellum can only be seen when the worm is sexually mature.
So, the correct option is '14, 15 and 16'.

The segment of earthworm in which mouth is situated is called

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Prosoma

  2. Prostomium

  3. Peristomium

  4. Prosegment

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Earthworm lack distinct head. The first segment at the anterior end of the body is called peristomium or buccal segment which bears crescentic mouth.
  • Peristomium bears a fleshly lobe-like structure called prostomium which hangs over the mouth ventrally. 
So, the correct option is 'Peristomium'.

Choose the wrongly matched pair regarding the position of reproductive structures in earthworm.

zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

  1. Testes - 10$^{th}$ and 11$^{th}$ segments

  2. Spermathecae - 6$^{th}$ to 9$^{th}$ segments

  3. Male genital pore - 9$^{th}$ segment

  4. Ovaries - Inter segmental septum of 12$^{th}$ and 13$^{th}$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

1. Testes are in two pairs, white and lobed, located in 10th and 11th segment.

2. Spermathecae are in 4 pairs in each of 6$^{th}$, 7$^{th}$, 8$^{th}$, 9$^{th}$ segment and they store spermatozoa during copulation.
3. Male genital pore is found in one pair located in 18$^{th}$ segment. Sperm produced in the testes is pass out through male genital pore.
4. A pair of small, whitish and lobulated ovaries are located in inter segmental septum of 12$^{th}$ and 13$^{th}$ segments, on either side of ventral nerve cord.
So, the correct option is 'Male genital pore - 9$^{th}$ segment'.