Tag: through the alimentary canal

Plants eliminate some waste through diffusion. During the day, excess oxygen gas produced by photosynthesis is released through the stomata. Carbon dioxide produced by respiration is normally used up during photosynthesis. At night, however, as photosynthesis slows, carbon dioxide is not used up as fast as it is produced, and it is released as a waste product. Plants also release waste water by transpiration and guttation. 

Plants eliminate some waste through diffusion. During the day, excess oxygen gas produced by photosynthesis is released through the stomata. Stomata are microscopic pores in leaves. Carbon dioxide produced by respiration is normally used up during photosynthesis. At night, however, as photosynthesis slows, carbon dioxide is not used up as fast as it is produced, and it is released as a waste product. Plants also produce oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis. The oxygen that is not used for respiration is also excreted through the stomata. Plants do not excrete gases through flowers, roots and seeds. 

Mutualism or symbiosis is a mutually beneficial relationship between individuals of two different species. None of the two is capable of living separately. Mutualism and symbiosis are synonyms though symbiosis was formerly considered to be any interaction between two different organisms. Some workers also consider symbiosis to be mutualism, which involves close physical contact. Mutualism or symbiosis is generally considered to be obligatory e.g., nitrogen fixing Rhizobium bacteria living in root nodules of leguminous plants and mycorrhizae (fungus living in association with roots of higher plants like Gymnosperms).

Orobanche plant has no chlorophyll and is parasitic herbaceous plant. It is total root parasite.

Mucor is fungi that are found in soil, digestive systems etc.

The correct spelling is 'Haustoria' - these are specialized root-like structures parasitic plants like Cuscuta (dodder) and Viscum (mistletoe) use to penetrate host tissues and extract nutrients. Rhizoids are in primitive plants, hyphae are fungal threads, and stolons are running stems.

Chemical digestion involves enzymes. In the mouth, chemical digestion is initiated when the food comes in contact with saliva, which is secreted by salivary glands. It contains salivary amylase which begins the digestive process by breaking down starch and converting it into maltose. Chemical digestion then further continues in stomach and then finally in the small intestine.

Chemical digestion food starts in the mouth as saliva is secrets from salivary gland which consists salivary amylase enzyme which acts on starch and converts it into the simpler form the churned food particles with saliva is called as the bolus then transferred to the stomach through the esophagus.

Carnivorous animals are meat eating animals. They use canines which are long, pointed teeth near the front of their jaw for tearing of flesh. Other teeth along the side of their jaw, molars and premolars, have uneven edges and are used for shearing the food in smaller pieces.

Pancreas helps in digestion by secreting pancreatic juice in small intestine. However pancreas is a gland and is not a part of alimentary canal. Alimentary canal is a muscular tube which extends from mouth to anus and includes the mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach and the intestines.