Tag: the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence

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Multiple choice economics the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence diversification into productive activities policy of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under british rule cottage and small scale industries

Why is there an urgent need in rural India, where agriculture is a major source of livelihood, to diversify into allied productive activities?

  1. There is greater risk in depending exclusively on farming for a livelihood.

  2. To provide supplementary gainful employment during off-seasons such as Rabi.

  3. The agricultural sector is already overcrowded.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The need for diversification arises from the fact that there is greater risk in depending exclusively on farming for a livelihood. Diversification towards new areas is necessary not only to reduce the risk from the agriculture sector but also to provide productive sustainable livelihood options to rural people. 

Much of the agricultural employment activities are concentrated in the Kharif season. But during the Rabi season, in areas where there are inadequate irrigation facilities, it becomes difficult to find gainful employment. Therefore expansion into other sectors is essential to provide supplementary gainful employment and in realising higher levels of income for rural people to overcome poverty and other tribulations.

Also, agriculture is already overcrowded, a major proportion of the increasing labour force needs to find alternate employment opportunities in other non-farm sectors.

Multiple choice economics the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence diversification into productive activities policy of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under british rule cottage and small scale industries

Which of the following activities allied to the farm economy have good potential but lack infrastructure?

  1. Food Processing

  2. Tourism

  3. Pottery

  4. Leather
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The sectors which are allied to the rural farm economy and have the potential but seriously lack infrastructure and other support include traditional home-based industries like pottery, crafts, handlooms etc.

As agriculture is already overcrowded, a major proportion of the increasing labour force needs to find alternate employment opportunities in other non-farm sectors. However, there is an immediate necessity to develop the same to improve them to provide supplementary gainful employment and in realising higher levels of income for rural people to overcome poverty and other tribulations.

Multiple choice economics the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence diversification into productive activities policy of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under british rule cottage and small scale industries

'Operation Flood transformed India from a _______ to a ___________.

  1. Net importer of milk, Net exporter of milk.

  2. Net buyer of milk, Net seller of milk.

  3. Milk-deficient nation, world's largest milk producer.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Operation Flood, launched in 1970, was a project of India's National Dairy Development Board (NDDB), which was the world's biggest dairy development program. 

It transformed India from a milk-deficient nation into the world's largest milk producer, surpassing the USA in 1998, with about 17 per cent of global output in 201011. In 30 years it doubled milk available per person and made dairy farming Indias largest self-sustainable rural employment generator.

It was launched to help farmers direct their own development, placing control of the resources they create in their own hands. All this was achieved not merely by mass production, but by production by the masses; the process has been called the white revolution.

Multiple choice economics the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence diversification into productive activities policy of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under british rule cottage and small scale industries

Which of the following were the objectives of 'Operation flood'?

  1. Increase milk production.

  2. Augment rural incomes.

  3. Fair prices for consumers.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Operation Flood's objectives included:

  • Increase milk production ("a flood of milk")
  • Augment rural incomes and 
  • Fair prices for consumers
The bedrock of Operation Flood has been village milk producers' cooperatives, which procure milk and provide inputs and services, making modern management and technology available to members.

Multiple choice economics the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence diversification into productive activities policy of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under british rule cottage and small scale industries

Today a 'White Revolution' is emerging in ___________.

  1. Cotton textile

  2. Limestone production

  3. Dairying

  4. Cement industry
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

"Operation Flood" started the White Revolution in India and made our country self-sufficient in milk and this was achieved entirely through the cooperative structure. 

Multiple choice economics the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence diversification into productive activities policy of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under british rule cottage and small scale industries

Which of the following is the reason behind low productivity of India's livestock despite the population being very high?

  1. Lack of promotion of good breed of animals.

  2. Lack of credit facilities for small and marginal farmers.

  3. Lack of good veterinary care.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Though in terms of numbers, our livestock population is quite impressive but its productivity is quite low ascompared to other countries. It requiresimproved technology andpromotion of good breeds of animals to enhance productivity. Improved veterinary care and credit facilities to small and marginal farmers and landless labourers would enhancesustainable livelihood options through livestock production.

Multiple choice economics the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence diversification into productive activities policy of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under british rule cottage and small scale industries

Operation Flood, launched in 1970, was a project of which of the following organizations?

  1. Indian Dairy Assocaition

  2. National Dairy Development Board

  3. Anand Milk Union Limited

  4. Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Operation Flood was a rural development programme started by India's National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) in 1970. One of the largest of its kind, the programme objective was to create a nationwide milk grid.



It resulted in making India one of the largest producers of milk and milk products and hence is also called the White Revolution of India. It also helped reduce malpractices by milk traders and merchants.

Multiple choice economics the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence diversification into productive activities policy of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under british rule cottage and small scale industries

State whether the following statements are True or False.
40% of India's population depends upon agriculture.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The percentage of India's population dependent on agriculture has historically been much higher than 40 percent, typically cited around 50 to 60 percent.

Multiple choice economics the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence diversification into productive activities policy of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under british rule cottage and small scale industries

Who are the Zamindars?

  1. Land owners

  2. Renters of land

  3. Farmers

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the historical context of the Zamindari system in India, Zamindars were the landlords or owners of the land who collected revenue from the cultivators.

Multiple choice economics the state of the indian economy on the eve of independence diversification into productive activities policy of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under british rule cottage and small scale industries

What was the main interest of the zamindars?

  1. Collect rent

  2. Improve farmers livelihoods

  3. Insure farmers in case of poor harvest

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The primary role of the Zamindar under the British colonial system was to act as an intermediary for revenue collection, with their main interest being the extraction of rent from the tenants.