Tag: non-infectious diseases

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Questions Related to non-infectious diseases

Multiple choice biology health and diseases non-infectious diseases non infectious diseases categories of diseases

Cervical cancer is caused by 

  1. Chlamydia

  2. Human Papillomavirus

  3. Herpes Simplex Virus

  4. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Cervical cancer is cancer arising from the cervix. It is due to the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. It is caused by Human Papillomavirus
  • Initially, no symptoms are seen. Later symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, or pain during sexual intercourse.
  • Hence Cervical cancer is caused by Human Papillomavirus.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Human Papillomavirus'.
Multiple choice biology health and diseases non-infectious diseases non infectious diseases categories of diseases

Nuclear leakage is 

  1. Carcinogenic

  2. Immunosuppressent

  3. Autoimmunising

  4. Infectious
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In nuclear leakage, apart from the damage caused by fires and explosions, accidents also release radioactive materials which can cause radiation sickness. The radiation possesses carcinogenic potential. It will induce cancer in tissues of most species at all ages including the fetus. Nuclear waste is hazardous for tens of thousands of years.

So, the correct answer is 'Carcinogenic'.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases non-infectious diseases non infectious diseases categories of diseases

Excessive exposure of humans to UV-rays results in
(i) Damage to immune system
(ii) Damage to lungs
(iii) Skin cancer
(iv) Peptic ulcers

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (ii) and (iv)

  3. (i) and (iii)

  4. (iii) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

According to World health organisation, prolonged human exposure to solar UV radiation may result in acute and chronic health effects on the skin, eye and immune system. 

Sunburn (erythema) is the best-known acute effect of excessive UV radiation exposure. Over the longer term, UV radiation induces degenerative changes in cells of the skin, fibrous tissue and blood vessels leading to premature skin aging, photodermatoses and actinic keratoses. 
Another long-term effect is an inflammatory reaction of the eye. In the most serious cases, skin cancer and cataracts can occur. 
Furthermore, a growing body of evidence suggests that environmental levels of UV radiation may suppress cell-mediated immunity and thereby enhance the risk of infectious diseases and limit the efficacy of vaccinations. Both of these act against the health of poor and vulnerable groups, especially children of the developing world. Many developing countries are located close to the equator and hence, people are exposed to the very high levels of UV radiation that occur in these regions.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases non-infectious diseases non infectious diseases categories of diseases

Cancer is caused due to activation of ......to .......and /or inactivation of

  1. Oncogene,tumour suppressor gene,protooncogene

  2. Tumour suppressor gene,oncogene protooncogene

  3. Protooncogene ,oncogene,tumour suppressor gene

  4. Oncogene,protooncogene,tumour suppressor gene
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. A proto-oncogene is a normal gene that could become an oncogene due to mutations and cancer. Proto-oncogenes code for proteins that help to regulate cell growth and differentiation. A tumour suppressor gene or antioncogene is a gene that protects a cell from one step on the path to cancer. Cancer develops due to inactivation of a tumour suppressor gene.

So, the correct answer is 'Protooncogene, oncogene, tumour suppressor gene'.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases non-infectious diseases non infectious diseases categories of diseases

2-naphthylamine and 4-aminobiphenyl cause 

  1. Lung cancer

  2. Liver cancer

  3. Prostate cancer

  4. Urinary bladder cancer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Bladder cancer is any of several types of cancer arising from the tissues of the urinary bladder. Symptoms include blood in the urine, pain with urination, and low back pain. Thirty per cent of bladder tumours probably results from occupational exposure in the workplace to carcinogens such as benzidine. 2-Naphthylamine and 4-aminobiphenyl which is found in cigarette smoke and has shown to increase bladder cancer risk.

So, the correct answer is 'Urinary bladder cancer'. 

Multiple choice biology health and diseases non-infectious diseases non infectious diseases categories of diseases

Which of the following statements in not true for cancer cells in relation to mutations :-

  1. Mutations inhibits production of telomerase

  2. Mutations in proto-oncogenes accelerate the cell cycle

  3. Mutations destroy telomerase inhibitor

  4. Mutations inactivate the cell control
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cancer cells typically maintain or increase telomerase activity to achieve immortality, allowing them to divide indefinitely. Inhibiting telomerase production would stop cancer cell proliferation, not promote it.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases non-infectious diseases non infectious diseases categories of diseases

Which of the following can cause cancer as well as cure it, depending upon its intensity and use?

  1. Chemicals

  2. Tobacco

  3. Ionised radiations

  4. Ultra-violet rays
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Beams of ionised radiations could be used to destroy tumours. The drug molecules are injected into the bloodstream and then "switched on" by shining ionised radiations on the part of the body where they are needed. Because these molecules only work when bathed in light, doctors are able to use ionised radiations to ensure that only the drugs embedded near the tumour are switched on. By damaging the skin's cellular DNA, excessive ionised radiations produces genetic mutations that can lead to skin cancer. Ionised radiations is considered the main cause of non-melanoma skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
Multiple choice biology health and diseases non-infectious diseases non infectious diseases categories of diseases

Which of the following chemicals in automobile exhaust can cause cancer?

  1. Carbon monoxide

  2. Polycyclic hydrocarbons

  3. Lead

  4. Oxides of nitrogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) part of the World Health Organisation announced that it had reclassified diesel exhaust as a 'definite carcinogen in highest category (Category 1). When diesel burns inside an engine it releases two potentially cancer-causing things: microscopic soot particles, and chemicals called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or PAHs. There are three possible ways these can cause cancer. The microscopic particles making up diesel exhaust particulate matter are less than one-fifth the thickness of a human hair. They are small enough to penetrate deep into the lungs, causing respiratory disease. Inhaled PAHs could directly damage the DNA in the cells of our lungs leading to cancer. Secondly, the soot particles can get lodged deep inside the lungs, causing long-term inflammation, and thirdly this can increase the rate at which cells divide. So if any nearby lung cells pick up random mutations, this inflammation could make them more likely to grow and spread. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases non-infectious diseases non infectious diseases categories of diseases

Match the Column - I with the appropriate items in Column II :-

Column - I Column - II
(a) Radiation(b) Chemical Carinogens(c) Physical Carcinogens(d) Biological Carcinogens (i) Oncogenic virus(ii) Oral caner(iii) Leukemia(iv) Kangri cancer

  1. a - (iv), b - (i), c - (ii), d - (iii)

  2. a - (iii), b - (i), c - (ii), d - (iv)

  3. a - (iii), b - (i), c - (iv), d - (ii)

  4. a - (iii), b - (ii), c - (iv), d - (i)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
 Agents Diseases 
 Radiation (UV rays)  Kangri cancer (skin cancer)
 Chemical Carcinogens (e.g. lead)  Oncogenic virus
 Physical Carcinogens ( e.g. smoke)  Oral cancer
 Biological Carcinogens (Viruses)  Leukaemia (blood cancer)

So, the correct  is 'a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii'.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases non-infectious diseases non infectious diseases categories of diseases

Out of the following, choose the wrong statement.

  1. High blood pressure is caused by excessive weight and lack of exercise.

  2. Cancers can be caused by genetic abnormalities.

  3. Peptic ulcers are caused by eating acidic food.

  4. Staphylococci is not the main causative agent of acne.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa is caused by disruption of the mucus layer on the gastric epithelial cells. It is wrong to believe that eating acidic foods may lead to development of peptic ulcers. Ulcer may be viewed as an extension of the cell damage found in acute gastritis. The most common sites for ulcers are the stomach and the first few centimetres of the duodenum. The main factors behind ulcer are:
(1) Reduced blood supply (Reduced blood flow and ischaemia may be caused by excessive cigarette smoking and stress, either physical or mental).
(2) Reduce mucus secretion (The composition and the amount of mucus may be altered, e.g., by regular and prolonged use of aspirin and other anti-inflammatory drugs by the reflux of bile acids and salts in chronic gastritis) and
(3) Raised levels of steroid hormones, e.g., in response to stress or when they are used as drugs in chronic gastritis by irradiation and the use of cytotoxic drugs).

Helicobacter pylori, is also a causative agent of this disorder.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.