Tag: pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

• Hydrophily is the pollination by means of water. In Vallisneria, the male flower is detached from the plant and float on the surface of the water and is bought in the contact of the stigma of the female flower. 

Insect-pollinated flowers usually possess sticky and heavy pollens with a rough surface that allow them to stick to insects easily. Flowers also have sweet nectar that attracts insects that go from flower to flower to pollinate the flowers. The pollen grains are also in small quantities, because it is very likely that insects will enter another flower, and the pollen grains would have a higher chance of landing on the stigma. That's why there is no need of pollen grains in large quantities. 

• Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma. It is carried out with the help of animals, birds, insects, water, wind, etc. 
• The pollination carried out by insects is called entomophily. 
• Pollination carried out by water is called hydrophily. Pollination carried out by the wind is called anemophily.
•  Pollination carried out by the animals is called zoophily. 

Pollination mechanism in Salvia is a unique lever type. The flowers in this genus are arranged in thyrsus inflorescence and they are attractive and well adapted for cross-pollination through the agency of insects. In this lever mechanism of pollination, the Corolla has a spreading upper lip, which acts as a landing place for the insect. When the insects land on the lower lip of the corolla and in its endeavour to obtain nectar that is secreted by the hypogynous disc, pushes the sterile lobes of the stamen inwards. Due to this the upper half of the connective with the fertile lobes act as a lever. Then the anther lobe comes down and shed the pollen on the back of the insect.

• The pollination mechanism in Salvia is a unique lever type. The flowers in this genus are arranged in thyrsus inflorescence and they are attractive and well adapted for cross-pollination through the agency of insects. 
• In this lever mechanism of pollination, the Corolla has a spreading upper lip, which acts as a landing place for the insect. When the insects land on the lower lip of the corolla and in its endeavor to obtain nectar that is secreted by the hypogynous disc, pushes the sterile lobes of the stamen inwards.
•  Due to this the upper half of the connective with the fertile lobes acts as a lever. Then the anther lobe comes down and shed the pollen on the back of the insect.

Lever mechanism for pollination is characteristic feature of Salvia. The flowers in this genus are arranged in thysrus inflorescence and they are attractive and well adapted for cross pollination through the agency of insects. In this mechanism of pollination, the corolla has a spreading upper lip, which acts as a landing place for the insect. When the insects land on the lower lip of the corolla and in its endeavour to obtain nectar that is secreted by the hypogynous disc, pushes the sterile lobes of the stamen inwards. Due to this the upper half of the connective with the fertile lobes act as a lever. Then the anther lobe comes down and shed the pollen on the back of the insect.

• Blastophaga quadriceps, the legitimate pollinator of Ficus religiosa, possesses two thoracic pockets in which pollen is stored for subsequent introduction into the young figs.  
• Pocket loading takes place in the nearly ripe fig at the male phase. Impregnated female wasps leave the fig via narrow channels bored by the males. 
• Upon entering young receptive figs, the female wasps begin oviposition, during which pocket emptying and pollination takes place.