Tag: mineral and energy resources - ii

Ankleshwar, also famous as Gujarat's “City of Oil” is known for its industrial township called Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation (GIDC).

Digboi is known as the Oil City of Assam where the first oil well in Asia was drilled. The first refinery was started here as early as 1901.

Naharkatia (also spelled as Naharkatia or Nahorkatiya) is a town and a town area committee in Dibrugarh district in the Indian state of Assam. It is well known for its petroleum and gas reserves. Earlier, Duliajan, the head office town of Oil India Limited was in its circle.

Kohima was originally known as Kewhira, It is called after the wild flowering plant Kewhi, found in the mountains.

So cities other than Kohima are associated with oil/petroleum.

Petroleum refinery is located in Barauni in the state of Bihar. It was built in collaboration with Soviet Union. It was started in July 1964.

• First oil refinery in India was set up in Digboi, a town in Tinsukia district of Assam. Digboi is also known as oil city. Oil refinery here was started in and around 1901.
  
• Present day, though the crude production is not high, Digboi has the distinction of being India's oldest oilfield. Digboi refinery which is now a division of Indian Oil Corporation, has a capacity of about 0.65 MMTPA as of 2003.
  

Petroleum is called liquid gold. It is so called to imply its significance. It shows that the petroleum is as significant as gold and also tells us that it is as difficult as finding gold. Without petroleum world’s economy would collapse. It is the main source of energy for transportation sector.

Coal and petroleum are categorised as fuel minerals. Fuel minerals are mainly three types namely coal, petroleum and natural gas. These are carbonaceous fuels. These are extracted from earth and are formed by fossil decomposition and are hence called fossil fuels. These fuels form major source of energy.

Oil refining (fractional distillation) separates crude oil into products like petrol, diesel, kerosene, and lubricants. Hydrogen gas is typically produced via steam reforming or other chemical processes, not directly from oil refining.

Petroleum is a fossil fuel and carbonaceous fuel. These are extracted from the earth and are formed by fossil decomposition and are hence called fossil fuels. These fuels form a major source of energy.

Saudi Arabia is consistently one of the world's largest producers and exporters of crude oil, holding some of the largest proven oil reserves.

Venezuela holds the world's largest proven oil reserves and is a major producer of petroleum in South America.

• Petroleum, like coal and natural gas, is a non-renewable source of energy.
  
•  It took millions of years for it to form, and when it is extracted and consumed, there is no way for us to replace it.
  
•  Oil supplies will run out.