Tag: aids to health

Questions Related to aids to health

Match column-I with Column-II and select the option having correct matching.

Column-I Column-II
A. Streptokinase i. Penicillium notatum
B. Statins ii. Monascus purpureus
C. Cyclosporin-A iii. Streptococcus
D. Penicillin iv. Trichoderma
biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. A-i, B-ii, C-iii, D-iv

  2. A-iii, B-ii, C-i, D-iv

  3. A-iii, B-ii, C-iv, D-i

  4. A-iv, B-ii, C-iii, D-i

Show answer
Correct Option: C

An antibiotic such as penicillin

biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. Kills pathogenic bacteria

  2. Prevents pathogenic bacteria from reproducing

  3. Works against infectious viruses

  4. Inhibits the reproduction of retroviruses

  5. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:
Antibiotics function by blocking vital processes in bacteria, killing the bacteria, or stopping them from multiplying. This helps the body's natural immune system to fight the bacterial infection. Antibiotics that affect a wide range of bacteria are called as broad spectrum antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin and gentamicin). Antibiotics that affect only a few types of bacteria are called as narrow-spectrum antibiotics (e.g., penicillin). Penicillin is bactericidal. A bactericidal antibiotic usually either interferes with the formation of the bacterium's cell wall or its cell contents. A bacteriostatic antibiotic stops bacteria from multiplying. An antibiotic is given for the treatment of an infection caused by bacteria. Antibiotics target microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and parasites. However, they are not effective against viruses.

The wonder drug penicillin was discovered by

biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. Louis Pasteur

  2. Alexander Fleming

  3. Edward Jenner

  4. Jonas Salk

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Penicillin was discovered in London in September of 1928 by Dr. Alexander Fleming, the bacteriologist on duty at St. Mary’s Hospital. The discovery of penicillin has often been described as a miracle drug because prior to the discovery of penicillin, death could occur in very trivial injuries and diseases.

What is the major benefit of the specific defence system ?

zoology aids to health innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Specefic defence systems act as barriers to foreign invaders

  2. Specific defences provide a quicker response than non-specific defences

  3. Specific responses are generated no matter what the situation is

  4. Specific defences can produce immunity

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The specific defence system has immunity to specific microbes and antigens hence it is a potent body response and can produce humoral ,oral,lymphoid immunity etc.

So, the correct option is 'Specific defence can produce immunity'

Immunity obtained by the transfer of antibodies from the mother through the placenta by the foetus is 

zoology aids to health innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Artificially acquired active immunity

  2. Naturally acquired passive immunity

  3. Naturally active active immunity

  4. Artificially acquired passive immunity

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Passive immunity is the type of immunization when a ready-made antibody is directly given to the patient to protect the body against foreign attack. It can be injected artificially or provided naturally by mother milk (colostrum) or by transferring it to the foetus by the placenta.

So the correct option is "Naturally acquired passive immunity".

Which of the following are the properties of acquired immunity?

zoology aids to health innate and acquired immunity body fluids and immune responses immunity and immune system

  1. Specificity

  2. Diversity

  3. Immunological memory

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Specificity- It is the ability to differentiate between various foreign molecules.
B. Diversity- It can recognize a vast variety of foreign molecules,
C. Immunological memory- When the immune system encounters a specific foreign agent for the first time, it generates an immune response and eliminates the invader. This is called the first encounter. The immune system retains the memory of the first encounter. As a result, a second encounter occurs more quickly and abundantly than the first encounter.

So, the correct answer is "All the above".

Among these ............... is a physical barrier that acts a first life of defense.

zoology aids to health body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

  1. Skin and mucous membrane

  2. Neutrophils and monocytes

  3. Fever

  4. Interferon

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The very first line of defense against any invasion of the human body is a set of physical barriers between the inside of the body and the outer world. Defense systems like skin, tears, mucous membranes are considered the non-specific barriers and the first line of defense.
So, the correct answer is option A.

Neutrophils and monocytes are important cells participating in

zoology aids to health body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

  1. Phagocytosis

  2. Perforin production

  3. Passive immunity

  4. Antibody production

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead cells, thereby involving in the process of phagocytosis. They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. The phagocytes include neutrophils and monocytes.
So, the correct answer is option A.

Which of the following is involved in passive immunity

zoology aids to health active and passive immunity acquired immunity innate and acquired immunity

  1. $Ig\,A$

  2. $Ig\,E$

  3. $Ig\,M$

  4. $Ig\,E$

Show answer
Correct Option: A

A protoxin is 

biology aids to health immunization, treatment and antibiotics antibodies and antitoxin prevention and treatment of disease

  1. A primitive toxin

  2. A denatured toxin

  3. Toxin produced by protozoa

  4. Inactive toxin.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A protoxin is an inactive toxin which is converted to an active form by the alkaline pH present in the gut of insects.

So, the correct option is 'Option D' .