Tag: aids to health

Questions Related to aids to health

Ernest Chain and Howard Florey's contribution was.

biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. Discovery of streptokinase

  2. Establishment of potential of penicillin as effective drug

  3. Discovery of DNA sequences

  4. Isolating the bacterial plasmid

  5. Production of genetically engineered insulin

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Correct Option: B

The culture and fungal invader in discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming are

biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. Vibrio cholerae and Penicillium requeforti

  2. Staphylococcus aureus and Penicillium notatum

  3. Eacherichia coli and Penicillium chrysogenum

  4. Clostridium tetani and Penicillium chrysogenum

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The discovery of Penicillin was a case of serendipity and it was observed on a culture plate of Staphylococcus aureus that was contaminated by a fungus species. 

So, the correct option is "Staphylococcus aureus and Penicillium notatum".

Choose the correct combination.

a Walter Sutton $1$ Discovered penicillin
b Thomas Hunt Morgan $2$ Discovered chromosomal basis of heredity
c James Watson $3$ Described the phenomenon of linkage and crossing over
d Alexander Fleming $4$ Discovered double helical structure of DNA
biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. a-$1$, b-$4$, c-$2$, d-$3$

  2. a-$2$, b-$3$, c-$1$, d-$4$

  3. a-$3$, b-$2$, c-$1$, d-$4$

  4. a-$2$, b-$3$, c-$4$, d-$1$

  5. a-$4$, b-$1$, c-$2$, d-$3$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • Sutton deduced that chromosomes are the basis of heredity and that the reduction of chromosomes in meiosis is directly related to Mendel's laws of inheritance.
  • Thomas Hunt Morgan described the phenomenon of linkage and crossing over. Morgan imagined that genes on chromosomes were similar to pearls on a string, in other words, they were physical objects. The closer two genes were to one another on a chromosome, the greater their chance of being inherited together. In contrast, genes located farther away from one another on the same chromosome were more likely to be separated during recombination. Therefore, Morgan correctly proposed that the strength of linkage between two genes depends upon the distance between the genes on the chromosome. This proposition became the basis for construction of the earliest maps of the human genome.
  • James Dewey Watson discovered the structure of DNA in 1953 with Francis Crick.
  • Scottish bacteriologist Alexander Fleming accidentally discovered the antibiotic in 1928, when he came back from a vacation and found that a green mold called Penicillium notatum had contaminated Petri dishes in his lab and were killing some of the bacteria he’d been growing.

So, the correct answer is 'a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1'.

Which of the following statement is incorrect about antibiotics?

biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. Coined by Waksman (1942)

  2. Produced by microorganisms

  3. Produce allergy in some persons

  4. Cure all diseases

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Antibiotic is a medicine which inhibits the growth of microbes. This term was coined by Selman Waksman. They are produced by many bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms. Some of them increase the activity of mast cell resulting into allergy. They are specific for the disease.

So, the correct answer is 'Cure all diseases'

Match the following and find the correct option.

I II
(a) Cristian Haneen (i) Vaccination
(b) Waksman (ii) Penicillin
(c) Edward Jenner (iii) Purification of enzyme zennet
(d) Alaxander Fleming (iv) streptomycin
biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iii

  2. a-iii, b-i, c-iv, d-ii

  3. a-iii, b-ii, c-i, d-iv

  4. a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

(A)Cristian Haneen verified the Purification of enzyme zennet.

(B)Waksman discovered Streptomycin.
(C)Edward Jenner discovered Vaccination.
(D)Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin.
So, the correct option is 'a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-iii'.

The term antibiotic was coined by

biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. Fleming

  2. Waksman

  3. Funk

  4. Jenner

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Selman Waksman, the microbiologist who discovered streptomycin, first used the word "antibiotic" in the medical sense in 1943. 

So the correct answer is 'Waksman'

Which of the following statement is correct?

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  1. Activated sludge is digested by anaerobic bacteria to produce marsh gas.

  2. Aspergillus niger produces cyclosporin A.

  3. Fleming, Chain and Florey were awarded Nobel Prize for discovering penicillin.

  4. BOD is amount of oxygen produced by bacteria during decomposition.

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Correct Option: C

Which of the following statements regarding antibiotics is not correct?


i) Antibiotic is the attenuated microorganisms which in small concentrations, can kill or retard the growth of other harmful microorganisms.
ii) Penicillin was the first antibiotic to be discovered by Alexander Fleming (1928) while working on bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.
iii) The full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic was established by Ernest Chain and Howard Florey.
iv) Fleming, Chain, and Florey were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1945.

biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. (i) Only

  2. (iii) Only

  3. (ii) and (iv)

  4. (i), (iii) and (iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Antibiotics are antimicrobials that are released by bacteria, fungi or molds naturally or are synthesized artificially that are capable of killing or inhibiting competing microbial species. They are therefore antimicrobial substances and not entire microorganisms that are used. 
  • In 1928 penicillin, the first true antibiotic was discovered by Alexander Fleming from colonies of Staphylococcus bacteria. However, its full potential as an antibiotic was established by Florey and Chain. Howard Florey, Ernst Chain, and Sir Alexander Fleming received the Nobel prize for their work on penicillin in 1945. 
  • So, the correct answer is '(i) only'.

Penicillin kills bacteria by ________________.

biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. Suppression of clef-wall synthesis

  2. Lyses of protoplasm

  3. Interfering with RNA synthesis

  4. Inhibiting DNA synthesis

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Correct Option: A

Name an antibiotic manufactured from fungi.

biology aids to health antibiotics and their uses common health care methods immunization, treatment and antibiotics first aid

  1. Penicillin

  2. Streptomycin

  3. Amoxicillin

  4. Ampicillin

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Penicillin, one of the first and still one of the most widely used antibiotic agents, derived from the Penicillium mold. Streptomycin is produced from Streptomyces griseus bacteria. Ampicillin and Amoxicillin are synthetic antibiotics. So the above-selected option is correct