Tag: periodic trends in chemical properties

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Questions Related to periodic trends in chemical properties

Multiple choice chemistry the periodic table periodic trends in chemical properties alkali metals study of specific groups

Choose the correct answer:

As per the octet rule, noble gases are stable in nature. This is due to the presence of________ electrons in their outermost shell.

  1. 8

  2. 18

  3. 6

  4. 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

As per octet rule, noble gases have 8 electrons in their outermost shell. According to octet rule the element which has 8 electron in its valence shell are stable.

Multiple choice chemistry patterns and properties of metals periodic trends in chemical properties alkali metals study of specific groups

X, Y and Z are elements in Period $3$ of the Periodic Table. The results of some experiments carried out with compounds of these elements are shown.


Element Result of adding the oxide of the element to $H _2O(l)$ Result of adding the chloride of the element of $H _2O(l)$ Result of adding the oxide of the element to $HCl(aq)$
X No reaction Hydrolyses Forms chloride salt
Y Forms hydroxide Dissolves Forms chloride salt
Z Forms acid Hydrolyses Hydrolyses


Which statement could be correct?

  1. X is Al and Y is Mg

  2. X is Si and Y is Na

  3. Y is Al and Z is P

  4. Y is Na and Z is Al
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Based on the table, Y forms a hydroxide with water (characteristic of Na or Mg), X hydrolyses (characteristic of Al or Si), and Z forms an acid (characteristic of P or S). Matching these properties, Y=Na (forms NaOH), X=Si (SiCl4 hydrolyses), and Z=P (P4O10 forms phosphoric acid) fits the data.

Multiple choice chemistry patterns and properties of metals periodic trends in chemical properties alkali metals study of specific groups
Metal which is soft and floats on water is _______ .

  1. aluminium

  2. copper

  3. lead

  4. potassium

  5. iron

  6. lithium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
F Correct answer
Explanation

Lithium is lightest elemental metal nearly half as dense as water, so it floats on the surface and ultimately disappears, giving off hydrogen gas and forming a colourless solution of lithium hydroxide.


Hence, the correct option is $\text{F}$

Multiple choice chemistry patterns and properties of metals periodic trends in chemical properties alkali metals study of specific groups

Sodium reacts with water more vigorously than lithium because it :

  1. has higher atomic weight.

  2. is a metal.

  3. is more electropositive.

  4. more electronegative.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sodium reacts with water more vigorously than lithium its more electropositive and will give electrons easily.
Hence option C is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry patterns and properties of metals periodic trends in chemical properties alkali metals study of specific groups

Which of the following does not react with water?

  1. Sodium ions

  2. Sodium atoms

  3. Potassium ions
  4. Both $A$ and $C$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sodium ions and potassium ions do not react with water.
The main reason is that have already lost that electron and are therefore much more stable. They don't tend to lose another electron, and they certainly don't try to get that lost electron back, so there's no tendency for them to react.

Multiple choice chemistry patterns and properties of metals periodic trends in chemical properties alkali metals study of specific groups

Metal cation ionic solids dissolve in solution exothermically.This is best explained by which of the following?

  1. The hydrogen bonding in the water break apart, releasing large amounts of energy that are used to force a breaking of the ionic structure.

  2. The free floating electrons in the metal cations provide a large measure of electricity when the ionic solid is broken down in the water.

  3. The breaking of the ionic structure, which releases bond energy causing the solution to be exothermic.

  4. The attraction of the cations and anions to the dipoles in water, resulting in a release of energy.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Metal cationic  solids dissolve in solution exothermally due the free floating of electrons in the metal cations provide a large measure of electricity when the ionic solid is broken done in the water.

Hence option B is correct.
Multiple choice chemistry patterns and properties of metals periodic trends in chemical properties alkali metals study of specific groups

The reaction between sodium and water can be made less vigorous by:

  1. adding a little alcohol

  2. amalgamatic sodium

  3. adding a little acitic acid

  4. lowering the temperature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

If we add sodium to water it floats on the water and reacts very vigorously, rushing around and on the surface producing hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide. Hence to reduce its vigorousness, it is amalgamated with mercury by making sodium as amalgamating sodium. 

Option (B) is correct.