Tag: europe in transition

Huldrych or Ulrich Zwingly was a famous religious leader and the most important reformer of Swiss Protestant Reformation. He was born on 01 January 1484 at Wildhaus in the Toggenburg (Switzerland) and died on 11 October 1531 near Kappel (Switzerland). He died in a battle fighting for his city Zurich.

The book 'Institutes of Christian Religion' was written by famous French theologian, pastor and reformer John Calvin. The book was first published in the Latin language in 1536. It is known as the most powerful works of Protestant theology.

Martin Luther wrote a list of 95 theses against indulgences, this was a list of questions and propositions for debate. And on October 31, 1517, Luther nailed a copy of his 95 Theses to the door of the Wittenberg Castle church.

Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam is the author of the book 'In Praise of Folly'. It was written in 1509. The book is written in a satirical form and it attacks the superstitions and traditions of the Church and European society. Erasmus was a great scholar and considered as one of the leading members of the famous "humanist" movement of the 16th century.

John Huss (Jan Hus) was a Czech reformer whose teachings and efforts in the early 15th century significantly influenced the reformation movement in Bohemia.

Martin Luther was a Catholic monk who is called "Father of Reformation". In 1517 he wrote a letter to the Archbishop criticizing the Roman Catholic Church and the Pope for its corruption and abuse of power. It triggered a movement across Europe that spread to the entire world in the upcoming years. 

Galileo invented the telescope. When he supported the theory of Copernicus, he was declared as a heretic. His books were burnt and he was imprisoned. 

The Renaissance was a period in European history, from the 14th to the 17th century, regarded as the cultural bridge between the Middle Ages and modern history. It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe, marking the beginning of the Early Modern Age.

Christopher Columbus of Genoa city crossed the Atlantic ocean with the help of the king of Spain. He reached the Bahamas in West Indies (Caribbean Islands).

Renaissance humanism  is the study of classical antiquity, at first in Italy and then spreading across Western Europe in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries. It was an important feature of the Renaissance movement.