Tag: elements of weather and climate : temperature

Questions Related to elements of weather and climate : temperature

Which of the following is transmitted in long wave?

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. solar radiation

  2. Heat radiation

  3. Both a and b

  4. None of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Solar radiation transmits longwave radiation.
Solar radiation is radiant energy emitted by the sun from a nuclear fusion reaction that creates electromagnetic energy. The spectrum of solar radiation is close to that of a black body with a temperature of about 5800 K. About half of the radiation is in the visible short-wave part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Terrestrial radiation is long waves _________.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. radiated by the earth 

  2. reflected by the earth

  3. both A and B

  4. none of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Radiation is the direct heating by the transmission of the heat waves. The upper layer of the atmosphere absorbs some amount of heat of the sun as they pass through the atmosphere. Radiation from the earth is called terrestrial radiation. Terrestrial radiation is long wave radiated by the earth. 

Only one part of ____________ billion parts of sun's radiation reaches the earth.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. 2

  2. 3

  3. 4

  4. 5

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Only one part of 2 billion parts of sun's radiation reaches the earth.
The sun's radiation must make it through multiple barriers before it reaches Earth's surface. The first barrier is the atmosphere. About 26% of the sun's energy is reflected or scattered back into space by clouds and particulates in the atmosphere 34. Another 18% of solar energy is absorbed in the atmosphere.

The amount of solar radiation reflected by the earth is called as its _______.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. Albedo

  2. Scattering

  3. Refraction

  4. Dispersion

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A part of the solar radiation falling on any surface is reflected back. Thus a certain amount of energy is lost and it does not play any role in heating the atmosphere. The reflectivity of a substance usually expressed as a percentage of the incident radiation reflected is known as it's albedo or reflection coefficient. It differs from place to place as well as from time to time.

What factors are responsible for Insolation variation?

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. The angle of inclination of the suns rays

  2. The length of the day

  3. The transparency of the atmosphere

  4. all of these

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The conditions of the atmosphere as well as the seasons affect the actual amount of insolation received at a place on the earth. Following are the factors which are responsible for variation in insolation:-

  1. Angle of inclination of the sun rays
  2. Length of the day
  3. Transparency of the atmosphere
  4. Solar constant
  5. Distance between the earth and the sun

The energy radiated out in the space by earth's surface is called _______________.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. Solar radiations

  2. Terrestrial radiations

  3. Radioactivity

  4. Insolation

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • The energy from the sun to earth comes in the form of solar radiation while the earth radiates it back to the atmosphere in the form of terrestrial radiations, hence option B is correct.
  • Radioactivity is the energy released with the breakdown of matter in the form of gamma rays.
  • Insolation is the reduction of energy transfer between objects.

The incoming solar radiation in the form of short waves is called _____________.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. Insolation

  2. Sleet

  3. Drizzel

  4. Terrestrial radiations

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Incoming solar radiation from the sun is called insolation.
  • Terrestrial radiation is the energy radiated back by the earth to the atmosphere.
  • Sleet is partly frozen rain
  • Drizzle is light rain falling with very small droplets.

Capacity of atmospheric air to contain water vapours is directly proportional to its ____________.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. Pressure

  2. Temperature

  3. Density

  4. Distance from the equator

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

As the temperature of the air increases its capacity to hold moisture increases while with the decrease in the temperature of the air, its capacity to hold moisture decreases. Thus the capacity of the atmospheric air to contain water vapor is directly proportional to its temperature. Hence option B is correct.

With respect to isotherm, consider the following statements:

1. The Isotherms are lines joining places having equal temperature.

 2. In January the isotherms deviate to the south over the Ocean and to the north over the continent in the northern hemisphere.


geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. 1 only

  2. 2 only

  3. 1 and 2

  4. none of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Isotherms are imaginary lines joining places of equal temperature. For convenience, the temperature are reduced to sea level as if the places actually existed at sea level. The spacing of isotherms indicated the steepness of temperature change. Closely spaced isotherms indicated higher thermal gradient.

During October, the temperature in the Northern Hemisphere starts dropping because _________.

geography environmental changes elements of weather and climate : temperature process of heat transfer in the atmosphere environmental regions (zones)

  1. The sun's rays fall vertically on the Southern Hemisphere

  2. The sun's rays fall obliquely on the Southern Hemisphere

  3. The sun's rays fall vertically on the equator

  4. The sun's rays fall vertically on the Northern Hemisphere

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Correct Option: A