Tag: elements of weather and climate : temperature

The heterosphere is the upper portion of the Earth's atmosphere, in which gases are fractionated according to their molecular weight. It lies above the homosphere, where chemical constituents are well mixed. On average the heterosphere begins at an altitude of about 80 km.

• Alluvial Soils are formed by the deposition of silt by the rivers. 
• The black soil is formed in the Deccan region on account of climatic conditions here and the basalt rock which is the parent rock for this soil is also an important factor for the formation of black soil. Black soil is sticky and possesses high moisture retention capacity. 
• The main reason for laterite soils formation is due to intense leaching. Leaching happens due to high tropical rains and high temperatures. As a result of high rainfall, lime and silica are leached away, and soils rich in iron oxide and aluminum compound are left behind.

Terrace farming is a type of farming that was developed first by the Indian people. This method of farming uses steps called andenes that are built into the side of a mountain or hill.

An isothermal layer is defined as a vertical column of air having a constant temperature with height. Isothermal layers often occur in the low levels of the troposphere during a differential advection situation.

The heterosphere is the upper portion of the Earth's atmosphere, in which gases are fractionated according to their molecular weight. It lies above the homosphere, where chemical constituents are well mixed.

The biosphere is the narrow band of land, water and air where all kinds of life on earth live. This layer ranges from heights of up to ten kilometers above sea level. It is the fourth component of the earth. Biosphere is a life-supporting global ecosystem, where each living things depends on each other and the environment. The biosphere extends over the Earth's surface in a thin layer from a few kilometres into the atmosphere, in very cold environments, to the deep-sea vents of the ocean depths and in very hot and cold environments as well.

According to NASA, the gases in Earth's atmosphere include: Nitrogen — 78 percent. Oxygen — 21 percent. Argon — 0.93 percent.

Nitrogen is important gas of which about 78% of the atmosphere's volume is made up. Nitrogen serves mainly as a diluent. It is relatively inactive chemically, though many f its compounds are very active. Its main function in the atmosphere is to regulate combustion by diluting oxygen. It also indirectly helps in oxidation of different kinds.