Tag: medicinal use of microorganism

Vaccines work by introducing the body to a dead or weakened form of a microbe, allowing the immune system to build antibodies without causing the disease.

Some vaccines contain live, attenuated (weak or inactivated) microorganisms. Although most attenuated vaccines are viral, some are bacterial in nature. Examples include the viral diseases yellow fever, measles, rubella, and mumps, and the bacterial disease typhoid. The live Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine contains a virulently modified strain called BCG used to elicit an immune response to the vaccine. The live attenuated vaccine-containing strain Yersinia pestis is used for plague immunization. Rather than introducing an inactivated or attenuated micro-organism to an immune system, a fragment of it (protein subunit) can create an immune response. Examples include the subunit vaccine against hepatitis B virus that is composed of only the surface proteins of the virus, the virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) that is composed of the viral major capsid protein. 

A vaccine is a biological preparation which provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it and keep a record of it so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters.

The only available is BCG.
Children it decreases the risk of getting the infection by $20$% and the risk of infection turning into disease by nearly $60$%. tuberculosis is a communicable disease.

Vaccines are suspensions of killed or weakened microbes or products or derivatives of micro organisms. A vaccine produces immunity to a disease by stimulating the production of antibodies.

A vaccine can be defined as a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened (attenuated) or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it, and keep a record of it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these micro-organisms that it later encounters. 

DPT (also DTP and DTwP) refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and killed whole cells of the organism that causes pertussis (wP).

A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease. Generally, vaccines are composed of the surface proteins of the virus, extracted from the blood serum of the infected patients.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C), 'Serum'.

A vaccine contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbes, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it and keep a record of it so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microbes that it later encounter.
Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobial, used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infection.
The serum is the clear yellowish fluid which is obtained upon separating whole blood into its solid and liquid components after it has been allowed to clot.
Antitoxins are antibodies that counteract a toxin.