Tag: excretion and osmoregulation

Quizzes (12) Questions (106)

Questions Related to excretion and osmoregulation

Multiple choice zoology excretion and osmoregulation regulation of urine formation properties of urine and regulation of urine formation coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following is involved in reabsorption of water in kidney?

  1. ADH

  2. PRL

  3. LH

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Antidiuretic hormone or ADH ( also known as vasopressin ) is involved in reabsorption of water in kidney. Antidiuretic hormone binds to receptors on cells in the collecting ducts of the kidney and promotes reabsorption of water back into the circulation. In the absense of antidiuretic hormone, the collecting ducts are virtually impermiable to water, and it flows out as urine.

Antidiuretic hormone stimulates water reabsorbtion by stimulating insertion of "water channels" or aquaporins into the membranes of kidney tubules. These channels transport solute-free water through tubular cells and back into blood, leading to a decrease in plasma osmolarity and an increase osmolarity of urine.
So, the correct option is 'ADH'.

Multiple choice zoology excretion and osmoregulation regulation of urine formation properties of urine and regulation of urine formation coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following is a powerful vasconstrictor that increases the glomerular blood pressure and there the GFR?

  1. Renin

  2. Angiotensin-II

  3. Aidosterone

  4. ANF
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Osmoreceptors in the body are activated by changes in blood volume, body fluid volume and ionic concentration. A fall in glomerular blood flow/glomerular blood pressure/GFR can activate the JG cells to release renin which converts angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin I and further to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II, being a powerful vasoconstrictor, increases the glomerular blood pressure and thereby GFR. Angiotensin II also activates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone. Aldosterone causes reabsorption of Na$^+$ and water from the distal parts of the tubule. This also leads to an increase in blood pressure and GFR. This complex mechanism is generally known as the Renin-Angiotensin mechanism.
So, the correct option is 'Angiotensin-II'.
Multiple choice zoology excretion and osmoregulation regulation of urine formation properties of urine and regulation of urine formation coordination in human beings- chemical control

Osmoregulation is carried out by

  1. Ureter

  2. Nephron

  3. ACTH

  4. ADH
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the fluids of an organism by the control of water and salt concentrations. is called Osmoregulation. It  is carried out by 'anti-diuretic hormone'. 

Multiple choice zoology excretion and osmoregulation regulation of urine formation properties of urine and regulation of urine formation coordination in human beings- chemical control

Vasopressin is responsible for :-

  1. Making urine dilute

  2. Dialating the blood vessel

  3. Decreasing filtrate concentration in PCT

  4. Increasing blood pressure
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vassopressin or anti-diuretic hormone helps prevent loss of water from the body by increasing the reabsorption of water from the kidney and making urine more concentrated. It is also responsible for increasing the blood pressure by constricting the blood vessels. So, the correct option is 'increasing blood pressure'.

Multiple choice zoology excretion and osmoregulation regulation of urine formation properties of urine and regulation of urine formation coordination in human beings- chemical control

Acidification of urine occurs in

  1. Proximal tubule

  2. Distal tubule

  3. Loop of henle

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The proximal convoluted tubule is the primary site for the reabsorption of bicarbonate and the secretion of hydrogen ions, which contributes to the acidification of urine.

Multiple choice zoology excretion and osmoregulation regulation of urine formation properties of urine and regulation of urine formation coordination in human beings- chemical control

Choose the odd one out from given option.

  1. Renin

  2. ANF

  3. ADH

  4. Aldosterone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A. Renin is an aspartic protease protein as well as an enzyme which is secreted by the kidneys in the Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system that regulates the arterial blood pressure.

B. ANF is called the Atrial natriuretic factor, it is a polypeptide hormone (28 amino-acid) is secreted by the atria of the heart in response and acts on the kidney to increase sodium excretion and to inhibit renin secretion.
C. ADH is called Anti-diuretic hormone or vasopressin which produced by the hypothalamus and it regulates and balances the amount of water in the blood.
D. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland which helps in the conservation of sodium in the kidney, salivary glands, sweat glands and colon.
Except for Renin, all others are hormones.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Renin'.