Tag: botany

Questions Related to botany

Trifolirhizin, a phytoalexin has been reported from.

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Soybean roots

  2. Red clover roots

  3. Bean pods

  4. Pea pods

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Transgenic plants are the ones -

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Grown in artificial medium after hybridization in the field

  2. Produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium

  3. Generated by introducing foreign DNA in to a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell

  4. Produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium

Show answer
Correct Option: C

In tomato, genotype $aabbcc$ produces $100gm$ tomatoes and $AABBCC$ produces $160gm$ tomatoes what is the contribution of each polygenes in the production of tomatoes?

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. $10gm$

  2. $20gm$

  3. $30gm$

  4. $40gm$

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Biolistices (gene - gun) is suitable for 

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. disarming pathogen vectors

  2. transformation of plant cells

  3. constructing recombinant $DNA$ by joining with vectors

  4. $DNA$ finger printing

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
In genetic engineering, a gene gun or a biolistic particle delivery system, originally designed for plant transformation, is a device for delivering exogenous DNA (transgenes) to cells. The payload is an elemental particle of a heavy metal coated with DNA (typically plasmid DNA). This technique is often simply referred to as biolistics.

This device is able to transform almost any type of cell, including plants, and is not limited to transformation of the nucleus; it can also transform organelles, including plastids.

So the correct option is 'transformation of plant cells'.

First transgenic plant released for commercial use was

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. $Bt-$cotton

  2. tobacco

  3. golden rice

  4. solan gola

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A nematode affected the roots of the tobacco plant on the cost of great production and yield. Strategies adopted to prevent this infection that was based on the process of RNA interference. RNA interference is the phenomena of inhibiting the activity of a gene through production sense and antisense RNA. The method involves a specific and RNA silencing. The result was that the parasite could not survive in a transgenic host expressing specific interfering RNA. Transgenic plant thus gets protected from the parasite.
So, the correct option is 'tobacco'

(A) Source of sense &- Transposon 
      Antisense RNA gene
(B) Host of sense &- Tobacco 
      Antisense  RNA gene
(C)   Site of iRNA  - Tobacco 
        Production
(D) Site of pre RISC  - Meloidegyne     
      formation
(E) Site of pre RISC to RISC &- Meloidegyne     
      conversion
(F) Destruction  of- Gastric tract of      
      functional m-RNA    Meloidegyne      gene
In Nematode resistant plant formation, among
given combinations which are incorrect

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. D & E

  2. D & F

  3. C & E

  4. A & F

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Transgenic plants are those plants whose genome is altered by the addition of one or more transgenes. Tobacco plant is the most common plant for expressing the transgenes. As the genome of tobacco plant is completely studied. The transgenic plants are transcribed in such a way that they develop tolerance against stress, salt, herbicide and also for vaccine productions. There are several transgenes which are inserted in tobacco plant like cry2Aa gene which gives resistance against any worms.
  • The Meloidogyne does not perform the conversion of sites like pre-RISC to RISC. The Meloidogyne gene is obtained by the species Meloidegyne incognita which are mainly responsible for causing root knot in plants.
  • Therefore the correct answer is option "A".

Which one the following is a transgenic crop?

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Brinjal

  2. Potato

  3. Grape

  4. Pomato

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A transgenic crop plant contains a gene or genes which have been artificially inserted instead of the plant acquiring them through pollination. The inserted gene sequence (known as the transgene) may come from another unrelated plant or from a completely different species. In many cases, the inserted DNA has to be modified slightly in order to correctly and efficiently express in the host organism. The pomato is a chimera produced by grafting a tomato plant and a potato plant, both of which are members of the Solanaceae family. Pomato plants make food production more efficient, as they maximize the amount of crops that can be produced on a piece of land. In addition, grafting can improve resistance to bacteria, viruses and fungi, attract a more diverse group of pollinators and provide a sturdy trunk for delicate ornamental plants.

Transgenic plants are

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium

  2. Grown in artificial medium after hybridization in the field

  3. Produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium

  4. Generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Transgenic plants are generated with the help of recombinant DNA technology (RDT). Recombinant DNA is a DNA that constitute genes or parts of genes from two or more organisms, usually of different species (or is specifically the gene of interest). Thus, transgenic plants are generated by incorporating foreign DNA into the target organism, and it helps in the formation of the transgenic plant. Transgenic plants are also known as the GMO as the process of genetic engineering and RDT plays an important role in their development.

The genetically modified crops introduced in India are

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Cotton

  2. Mustard

  3. Wild plants

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Genetically modified crops (GMCs, GM crops, or biotech crops) are plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering techniques. In most cases, the aim is to introduce a new trait to the plant which does not occur naturally in the species. For example, in food crops include resistance to certain pests, diseases or environmental conditions, reduction of spoilage, resistance to chemical treatments (e.g., resistance to a herbicide) or improving the nutrient profile of the crop. GM mustard is being developed to increase the productivity of mustard to meet the ever-growing demand for edible oil in the country. Bt cotton is a genetically modified variety of cotton producing an insecticide. It is produced by Monsanto. It is supplied in India's Maharashtra state.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Transgenic plants are produced by using Ti plasmid from the

botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. Agrobacterium tumefaciens

  2. E.coli

  3. Bacteriophage

  4. Agrobacterium varians

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A Ti or tumour inducing plasmid is a circular plasmid that is a part of the genetic equipment that Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes use to transduce its genetic material to plants. The Ti plasmid is lost when Agrobacterium is grown above 28$^o$C. Such, cured bacteria do not induce crown galls, i.e., they become avirulent.