Tag: botany

Questions Related to botany

The most important function of inflorescence is to help in

botany inflorescence introduction to inflorescence inflorescence and its type basics of leaf and flower

  1. Dispersal of seeds

  2. Help in fertilization

  3. Attracting insects for pollination

  4. Forming large number of fruits

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Inflorescence is the arrangement of flowers on the stem of a plant. It provides the chance of cross-pollination. It makes flowers more conspicuous to attract insects towards it. Large inflorescence enhances the chance of wind pollution. Insects are the pollinators. Due to the aroma emitted from the petals and the nectar glands and colour of the flower insects get attracted towards the flower. When an insect grazes through a flower to collect nectar, pollen grains stick on its body from the anther. As the insect move to each flower, it leaves a residue of pollen on the stigma and triggers the process of pollination. Some of these pollinators are honeybees, bumblebees butterflies etc.

Which of the following statements are correct?

(i) When a fruit develops from the inflorescence, it is composite.
(ii) Mesocarp is the edible part in apple.
(iii) Gynobasic style is seen in Ocimum.
(iv) Hypanthodium is a special type of inflorescence found in Euphorbia species.

botany inflorescence introduction to inflorescence inflorescence and its type basics of leaf and flower

  1. (i) and (iv) are correct

  2. (i) and (iii) are correct

  3. (i) and (ii) are correct

  4. (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct

  5. (ii) and (iv) are correct

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When  a fruit is formed from  the entire inflorescence like in pineapple, jackfruit etc it is a composite fruit

Thalamus is the edible part of apple
Style arising from anterior tip of an apocarpous ovary
Cyathium is a special type of inflorescence found in Euphorbia species 
So, the correct answer is '(i) and (iii)'

In cyathium inflorescence

botany inflorescence introduction to inflorescence inflorescence and its type basics of leaf and flower

  1. Single male flower is surrounded by female flowers.

  2. Male and female flowers are present in different plants.

  3. There is one male and one female flower.

  4. Single female flower is surrounded by many peripheral male flowers.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cyathium inflorescence is seen in Euphorbia splendens and Euphorbia pulcherrima (Poinsettia). In cyathium inflorescence, the bracts become fused to form a cup-shaped structure. This cup completely encloses a single female flower surrounded by a large number of male flowers. The cyathium is surrounded by brightly coloured bracts.

Inflorescence is

botany inflorescence introduction to inflorescence inflorescence and its type basics of leaf and flower

  1. Composite (multiple) fruit developed from condensed

    Inflorescence

  2. Aggregate fruit developed from free carpels

  3. Fruit develop from inferior ovary

  4. Fruit develops from thalamus

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Composite fruits : These fruits are developed from the complete inflorescence and are known as incandescence.
These are of 2 types ..
(1) Sorosis                      

(2) Syconus or Syconium 

In which of the following, the growing point ends in a flower?

botany inflorescence introduction to inflorescence inflorescence and its type basics of leaf and flower

  1. Raceme

  2. Verticillaster

  3. Catkin

  4. Spike

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A. Raceme in which peduncle have bisexual and pedicellate flowers arranged acropetally. It is a type of racemose inflorescence. Example: radish.
B. Verticillaster is a cluster of sessile or subsessile flowers borne on a dichasial cyme ending in monochasial cyme in the form of condensed whorl on either side of the node. It is a type of cymose inflorescence which has limited growth. Example: tulsi.
C. Catkin is a pendulous spike in leaf axis which bears unisexual flowers. It is a type of racemose inflorescence. Example: oak.
D. Spike in which peduncle have bisexual and sessile flowers with an acropetal arrangement. It is a type of racemose inflorescence. Example: Achyranthes.

So, the correct answer is 'Verticillaster'. 

A branching system of the plant-bearing flowers is?

botany inflorescence introduction to inflorescence inflorescence and its type basics of leaf and flower

  1. Deliquescence

  2. Inflorescence

  3. Placentation

  4. Cauliflory

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A. Deliquescence is the process by which a substance absorbs moisture from the atmosphere until it dissolves in the absorbed water and forms a solution. It occurs when the vapor pressure of the solution that is formed is less than the partial pressure of water vapor in the air.
B. An inflorescence is the arrangement of flowers on the floral axis of the plant. Two major types are - 1. Racemose - the shoot axis continue to grow indefinitely and the flowers are borne in an acropetal succession that is, younger flowers are present towards the apex and the older flowers are present at the base. The example is a radish. 2. Cymose - the main axis terminated into a flower and has limited growth. The flowers are borne in a basipetal order. The example is teak.
C. Placentation is the arrangement of ovules on placenta within the ovary. Ovary bears ovules on a cushion-like structure called placenta. It is of five types - marginal, axile, parietal, free central and basal.
D. Cauliflory is a botanical term referring to plants that flower and fruit from their main stems or woody trunks rather than from new growth and shoots. This can allow trees to be pollinated or have their seeds dispersed by animals which cannot climb or fly.

So, the correct answer is 'Inflorescence'.

The arrangement of flowers in Sunflower(Helianthus annuus) is?

botany inflorescence introduction to inflorescence inflorescence and its type basics of leaf and flower

  1. Acropetal

  2. Basipetal

  3. Centripetal

  4. Centrifugal

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A. Acropetal is that younger flowers are present towards the apex and the older flowers are present at the base. It is seen in racemose inflorescence. Example: Radish and Mustard.
B. Basipetal is opposite of acropetal. The younger flowers are present at the base and old flowers are present towards the apex. It is seen in cymose inflorescence. Example: teak.
C. Centripetal is the peripheral flowers mature first and then maturation proceeds towards the center. It is seen in racemose inflorescence. Example: sunflower.

So, the correct answer is 'Centripetal'.

Axis of the inflorescence is called?

botany inflorescence introduction to inflorescence inflorescence and its type basics of leaf and flower

  1. Peduncle

  2. Thalamus

  3. Petiole

  4. Pedicel

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A. The peduncle is the main axis of an inflorescence or the axis bearing a flower or fruit.
B. Thalamus is the thickened part of a stem from which the flower organs grow in angiosperms.
C. The petiole is the cylindrical stalk that joins the leaf base with the leaf blade or lamina.
D. The pedicel is a stem that attaches a single flower to the inflorescence. 

So, the correct answer is 'Peduncle'.

Cauliflory is?

botany inflorescence introduction to inflorescence inflorescence and its type basics of leaf and flower

  1. Production of new plants from cauline buds

  2. Formation of flowers from old stem

  3. Development of flowers on young branches

  4. Clustering of flowers

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Cauliflory is a botanical term referring to plants that flower and fruit from their main stems or woody trunks rather than from new growth and shoots. This can allow trees to be pollinated or have their seeds dispersed by animals which cannot climb or fly.

So, the correct answer is 'formation of flowers from old stem'.

An edible inflorescence is?

botany inflorescence introduction to inflorescence inflorescence and its type basics of leaf and flower

  1. Raphanus sativus

  2. Brassica oleracea

  3. Brassica rapa

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

B) Brassica oleracea 

    Brassica Oleracea is a plant specis that includes many common foods as cultivars, including cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, Brussels, sprouts, collard green, savoy, kohlrabi and gailan.