Tag: botany

• The stalk holding the complete inflorescence and bearing the flowers or fruit, in a flowering plant is known as the peduncle. 
• The pedicle is the stem that attaches a single flower. 
• The petiole is the stalk that attaches a leaf to the stem and the leaflet of a pinnately compound leaf is called pinna. 

The arrangement of flowers is known as the inflorescence. It is useful for the plant as it increases the chances of attracting insect pollinators such as bees that help in pollination. The flower morphology, size, colour, nectar and odour act as signals for attracting these pollinators. 

Immature gular fruit is a hypanthodium inflorescence. Hypanthodium inflorescence is formed by an enlarged, fleshy, hollow receptacle with multiple ovaries on the inside surface. In essence, it is really a fleshy stem with a number of flowers, so, it is considered both a multiple and accessory fruit. Here, the receptacle is fleshy and forms hollow ball like structure with an apical opening. Three types of flowers develop on the inner surface of the receptacle.The female flowers are towards the base, male flowers are towards the orifice and short styled sterile female flowers are in between.

Multiple fruits also called as collective fruits, are fruits that are formed from a cluster of flowers called inflorescence. Each flower in the inflorescence produces a fruit, but these mature into a single mass. An multiple fruit is a fruit that develops from the merger of several ovaries that were separate in a single flower. Not all flowers with multiple ovaries form aggregate fruit; the ovaries of some flowers do not become tightly joined together to make a larger fruit. 

The sheath or the perianth, of the inflorescense around the seed in the inflorescence is the edible part of the jackfruit. It is yellow shiny part. The perianth is the non-reproductive part of the flower and structure that forms an envelope surrounding the sexual organs, consisting of the calyx and the corolla.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple fruits, also called as collective fruits, are fruits that are formed from a cluster of flowers called as an inflorescence. Each flower in the inflorescence produces a fruit, but these mature into a single mass. An multiple fruit is a fruit that develops from the merger of several ovaries that were separate in a single flower. In contrast, a simple fruit develops from one ovary. Not all flowers with multiple ovaries form aggregate fruit; the ovaries of some flowers do not become tightly joined together to make a larger fruit. 
Thus, the  statement of reason is correct but the assertion statement is in correct.
Therefore, the correct answer is option E.

Inflorescence and fruit of sunflower is capitulum and cypsella. The main feature of the family is the composite flower type in the form of capitula surrounded by involucral bracts.The individual flowers in a head have 5 fused petals, but instead of sepals, have threadlike hairy or bristly structures called as pappus, which surround the fruit and can stick to animal fur or be lifted by wind, aiding in seed dispersal. The whitish fluffy head of a dandelion commonly blown on by children, is made of the pappus, with tiny seeds attached at the ends, whereby the pappus provides a parachute like structure to help the seed be carried away in the wind.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Inflorescence is collection of flowers. An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Inflorescence can also be defined as the reproductive portion of a plant that bears a cluster of flowers in a specific pattern.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Composite fruits or multiple fruits that are developed from entire inflorescence and are of two types:-

Cauliflower is one of several vegetables in the species Brassica oleracea, in the family Brassicaceae. It is an annual plant that reproduces by seed. Typically, only the head (the white curd) is eaten. The cauliflower head is composed of a white inflorescence meristem. It is an unriped inflorescence. Thus, the correct answer is option B.