Tag: pictorial feature of plant kingdom

The first true land plants were non-vascular plants such as mosses and liverworts that appeared in the early Ordovician period. 

The term gregarious in biology refers to organisms that live, grow, or appear close together in groups, forming mats or clumps. Mosses often grow in dense patches or carpets, making them gregarious in nature.

Mosses have a more developed, complex sporophyte compared to liverworts, featuring features like a differentiated capsule and peristome teeth. Liverwort sporophytes are typically simpler and less elaborate. Thus, the moss sporophyte is more elaborate.

Elaters are present in hepaticopsida (marchantia). Pseudoelators are present in Anthocerotopsida. Single layered capsule wall splits into a number of longitudinal valves, which extend from apex towards the middle of capsule. The valves are rolled back due to annular thickenings in jacket cells. Jerky movement of elaters due to their hygroscopic nature leads to loosening up of spore mass and scattering of spores in air.

Riccia has the simplest sporophyte among all bryophytes, consisting solely of a capsule. It lacks both a foot and a seta, which are present in other bryophytes like Marchantia, Anthoceros, and mosses.

In the plant kingdom atracheophytic embryophytes are bryophytes. Thye do not contain vascular tissues and produce embryo in their life cycle.

Porella is a leafy liverwort, making it a non-vascular embryophyte that possesses leaf-like appendages. Riccia is thalloid, Selaginella is a vascular plant, and Macrocystis is brown algae.

Dawsonia is a classification of mosses. This genus is a member of the Polytrichaceae family. Dawsonia plants are commonly known to grow taller and have thicker leaves than other common mosses.

Sporogenous cells are those cells, which are capable of undergoing meiotic divisions. These cells combine with each other to form a sporogenous tissue.
Sporogenous cells are endothelial in origin in class Hepaticopsida. In this class the sporogenous cells arise from the endothelium.

An antheridium or antherida is a haploid structure or organ producing and containing male gametes (called antherozoids or sperm). In general, the male gametes (antherozoids) are produced in globose structures (antheridia), that are either stalked or sunken in the gametophyte. The antherozoids of Marchantia are long, curved and biflagellate.