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Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

Waves produced during in earthquake are _____waves. .

  1. ultrasonic

  2. infrasonic

  3. audible

  4. both (1) and (2)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Earthquakes produce seismic waves that travel through the earth. These waves, particularly the primary waves, often have frequencies below the human audible range, classifying them as infrasonic.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

The point where the waves originate is called the _______ of the earthquake

  1. centre

  2. epicenter

  3. focus

  4. origin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is C.

The point where the waves originate is called the focus of the earthquake.
The point within the earth along the rupturing geological fault where an earthquake originates is called the focus, or hypocenter. The point on the earth's surface directly above the focus is called the epicenter. Earthquake waves begin to radiate out from the focus and subsequently form along the fault rupture. If the focus is near the surface between 0 and 70 km (0 and 40 mi) deepshallow-focus earthquakes are produced. If it is intermediate or deep below the crust between 70 and 700 km (40 and 400 mi) deepa deep-focus earthquake will be produced. Shallow-focus earthquakes tend to be larger, and therefore more damaging, earthquakes. This is because they are closer to the surface where the rocks are stronger and build up more strain.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

In which of the following states of India, earthquake is most likely to occur?

  1. Gujarat

  2. Chhattisgarh

  3. Tamil Nadu

  4. Kerala
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In India, the seismic or fault zores lie below Kashmir, Western and Central Himalays, North-East, Runn of Kutch and Indo-gangetic plane. So, among the options provided, earthquake is most likely to occur in Gujarat.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

An earthquake is caused by

  1. shaking of the earth

  2. strain building up in the tectonic plates

  3. plates slipping along the fault lines

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An earthquake is caused by shaking of the earth, strain building up in the tectonic plates, plates slipping along the fault lines, etc.
Earthquake is shaking of the earth's surface caused by rapid movement of the earth's rocky outer layer. Earthquakes occur when energy stored within the earth, usually in the form of strain in rocks, suddenly releases. This energy is transmitted to the surface of the earth by earthquake waves.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

Match the following and choose the correct answer.

Table A Table B
a. Earthquake        1. Prevent leakage
b. Lightning 2. Fault zone
c. Insulation 3. Detection of charges
d. Electroscope 4. Earthing

  1. a-2, b-4, c-1, d-3

  2. a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1

  3. a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1

  4. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fault zones are highly prone to earthquakes.

Earthing is done to save buildings from lightning.
Insulation is done on conducting wires to prevent charge leakage.
Electroscopes are used to detect the presence of charges in a body.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

The amplitude of vibrations measured on the Richter's scale increase by steps of about

  1. 10

  2. 20

  3. 30

  4. 40
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is A.

The amplitude of vibrations measured on the Richter's scale increase by steps of about 10.
The Richter magnitude scale was developed in 1935 by Charles F. Richter of the California Institute of Technology as a mathematical device to compare the size of earthquakes. The magnitude of an earthquake is determined from the logarithm of the amplitude of waves recorded by seismographs. Adjustments are included in the magnitude formula to compensate for the variation in the distance between the various seismographs and the epicenter of the earthquakes. On the Richter Scale, magnitude is expressed in whole numbers and decimal fractions. For example, a magnitude of 5.3 might be computed for a moderate earthquake, and a strong earthquake might be rated as magnitude 6.3. Because of the logarithmic basis of the scale, each whole number increase in magnitude represents a tenfold increase in measured amplitude; as an estimate of energy, each whole number step in the magnitude scale corresponds to the release of about 31 times more energy than the amount associated with the preceding whole number value.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

The epicenter is the point inside the earth where the earthquake originates

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambiguous

  4. Data insufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is B.

The point within the earth along the rupturing geological fault where an earthquake originates is called the focus, or hypocenter. The point on the earth's surface directly above the focus is called the epicenter. Earthquake waves begin to radiate out from the focus and subsequently form along the fault rupture. 
Hence, the statement is false.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

Earthquake and tsunamis are difficult to predict

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is A.

Earthquakes are caused by by shaking of the earth, strain building up in the tectonic plates, plates slipping along the fault lines, etc. and the Tsunamis can also be caused by volcanic eruptions, underwater detonations and even landslides.
Because we cant get deep enough into the Earth to see what happens before an earthquake or tsunami happens, therefore we cant predict when its coming.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

A seismograph is a scale use for measuring the magnitudes of earthquakes

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Ambiguous

  4. Data insufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is B.

Seismograph is an instrument that makes a record of seismic waves caused by an earthquake, explosion, or other Earth-shaking phenomenon. Seismographs are equipped with electromagnetic sensors that translate ground motions into electrical changes, which are processed and recorded by the instruments analog or digital circuits. A record produced by a seismograph on a display screen or paper printout is called a seismogram.
Hence, it is not a scale and the statement is false.

Multiple choice physics structure of earth seismic waves and tsunami causes of earthquakes origin of earth and its internal energy transfer of charge lightning safety

The term used to describe a fracture along the earth's crust is

  1. aftershock

  2. fault

  3. focus

  4. tremor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is B.

The fracture along blocks of crust (tectonic plates) is called a fault or fault line.
A fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock, across which there has been significant displacement along the fractures as a result of earth movement. Large faults within the Earth's crust result from the action of plate tectonic forces, with the largest forming the boundaries between the plates, such as subduction zones or transform faults. Energy release associated with rapid movement on active faults is the cause of most earthquakes.