Tag: world energy needs

Questions Related to world energy needs

The installed capacity of wind energy in India is about:

biology world energy needs renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

  1. 8000 MW

  2. 4000 MW

  3. 6000 MW

  4. 1500 MW

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Wind power generation capacity in India has significantly increased in the last few years . The installed capacity of wind energy in India is about 8000MV.

The superheated steam is raised in geothermal plants by the heat of :

physics world energy needs renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

  1. magma

  2. lava

  3. either (a) or (b)

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Answer is C.

The heat from the earth's core continuously flows outward. It transfers (conducts) to the surrounding layer of rock, the mantle. When temperatures and pressures become high enough, some mantle rock melts, becoming magma. Then, because it is lighter (less dense) than the surrounding rock, the magma rises, moving slowly up toward the earth's crust, carrying the heat from below.
Sometimes the hot magma reaches all the way to the surface, where we know it as lava. But most often the magma remains below earth's crust, heating nearby rock and water (rainwater that has seeped deep into the earth) - sometimes as hot as 700 degrees F. Some of this hot geothermal water travels back up through faults and cracks and reaches the earth's surface as hot springs or geysers, but most of it stays deep underground, trapped in cracks and porous rock. This natural collection of hot water is called a geothermal reservoir.
Hence, the super-heated steam is raised in geothermal plants by the heat of magma or lava.

State True or False :
Geothermal energy can be used to produce electricity.

physics world energy needs renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The steam comes from reservoirs of hot water found a few miles or more below the earth's surface. The steam rotates a turbine that activates a generator, which produces electricity Hence Geothermal energy can be used to produce electricity.

Find the false statement from the following statements given below :-

physics world energy needs renewable and non-renewable resources renewable and non-renewable sources of energy production of electricity from solar energy

  1. Geothermal power plants cannot operate round the clock.

  2. The initial cost in setting up Geothermal power plant will be high.

  3. Geothermal power plant uses free and renewable source of energy.

  4. Operating cost involved in a Geothermal power plant is less.

Show answer
Correct Option: A

In the refining of petroleum, in a fractionating column, the principle used is _______.

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. difference in melting point

  2. difference in boiling point

  3. difference in freezing point

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A fractionating column is an essential thing which is used in distillation of liquid mixtures so as to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on the differences in their boiling temparatures. Fractionating columns are used in small scale laboratory distillation process as well as for large scale industrial distillations.

Hence option B is correct.

Which step is not present in the extraction of petroleum?

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. Pumping

  2. Drilling

  3. Distillation

  4. Seismic survey

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Procedure for extraction of petroleum:

i) Locating the oil field or seismic survey
ii) Drilling
iii) Oil extraction and recovery ( involves pumping)
Distillation is used for extracting different petroleum products like petrol, diesel, natural gas from petroleum.
Hence, the correct option is $C$.

Petroleum import costs India:

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. Rs 3100 crores

  2. Rs 2100 crores

  3. Rs 1100 crores

  4. Rs 500 crores

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Petroleum is imported into India from other Arab countries with a cost of Rs. $3100$ crores.

________ is a process by which components in a chemical mixture are separated into different parts according to different boiling points in a fractionating column.

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. Vacuum distillation

  2. Steam distillation

  3. Fractional distillation

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Vacuum distillation is a distillation of a liquid under reduced pressure, enabling it to boil at a lower temperature than normal.

Steam distillation of a liquid in a current of steam used especially to purify liquids that are not very volatile and are immiscible with water.

Fractional distillation is a separation of a liquid mixture into fractions differing in boiling point (and hence chemical composition) by means of distillation, typically using a fractionating column.

Petroleum refining involves:

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. vacuum distillation

  2. steam distillation

  3. fractional distillation

  4. fractional crystallisation

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The various fractions of petroleum are separated by fractional distillation.
Fractional distillation is one separation of a mixture into its components parts, or fractions, sour as in separating chemical compounds by their boiling point by heating them to a temp at which one or more fractions of the compound will vaporize.

During fractional distillation of petroleum, different fractions are obtained. Their name, number of carbon atoms, temperature range at which it is obtained, their uses are given. There is an error in one of the alternatives. In which alternative there is an error?

chemistry world energy needs coal petroleum non-renewable sources of energy

  1. Petrol, ${ C } _{ 5 }to{ C } _{ 10 }$, 303K to 393K, fuel in vehicles.

  2. diesel, ${ C } _{ 15 }to{ C } _{ 18 }$, 533K to 613K, fuel in vehicles and generators.

  3. Neptha, ${ C } _{ 8 }to{ C } _{ 10 }$, 393K to 453K, solvent in petro chemicals.

  4. lubricating oil, ${ C } _{ 8 }to{ C } _{ 12 }$, 400K, fuel in high speed vehicles.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Lubricating oil,$C _{16}$ to $C _{20}$ above 613K is used as lubrication oil in machine and to prepare grease,vaseline etc.

 Therefore,lubricating oil $C _8$ to $C _{12}$,400K fuel in high speed vehicles is the correct answer.