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Multiple choice geography in search of the source of wind variations in atmospheric pressure properties of air pressure belts

The weight of humid air is _______ to than dry air.

  1. more

  2. less

  3. equal

  4. equivalent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The weight of humid air is less to than dry air.


Our air is primarily composed of nitrogen and oxygen, but it always has some water molecules.

The weight of an individual atom is represented by its atomic weight. The (rounded) atomic weight of hydrogen (H) is 1, oxygen (O) is 16, nitrogen (N) is 14, and carbon (C) is 12.

The weight of a molecule is determined by summing the atomic weights of its atoms. A water molecule (H2O) has a molecular weight of 18 (1 + 1 + 16). Free nitrogen (N2) has a molecular weight of 28, and an oxygen molecule (O2) has an atomic weight of 32. Therefore, a water molecule is lighter than either a nitrogen or an oxygen molecule.

Any fixed volume of a gas at constant pressure and temperature has the same number of molecules. It does not matter what the gas is — the same number of molecules will exist in that volume.

To make a given volume of air moister, we need to add water vapor molecules to the volume. To add water molecules to the volume, we must remove other molecules to conserve the total number of molecules in the volume.

Dry air consists mostly of nitrogen and oxygen molecules, which weigh more than water molecules. This means that when a given volume of air is made more moist by adding water molecules, heavier molecules are replaced with lighter molecules. Therefore, moist air is lighter than dry air if both are at the same temperature and pressure

Multiple choice geography in search of the source of wind variations in atmospheric pressure properties of air pressure belts

The speed and the direction of wind are based on which of the following? 

  1. Pressure gradient force

  2. Coriolis force

  3. Friction

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pressure gradient force,

winds balanced by the Coriolis and Pressure Gradient forces. An air parcel initially at rest will move from high pressure to low pressure because of the pressure gradient force (PGF). ... As the wind gains speed, the deflection increases until the Coriolis force equals the pressure gradient force.
Coriolis force,
The Coriolis effect influences wind by deflecting its path to the right in the Northern Hemisphere. The sequence of weather satellite images shows that the actual wind direction is from the southwest. The satellite images show atmospheric motion over the northern Pacific Ocean for a 36-hour period.
Friction,
 Winds affected by friction. Geostrophic wind blows parallel to the isobars because the Coriolis force and pressure gradient force are in balance. ... As we move higher, surface features affect the wind less until the wind is indeed geostrophic.

Multiple choice geography in search of the source of wind variations in atmospheric pressure properties of air pressure belts the concept of bernoulli's principle air exerts pressure

The atmospheric pressure decreases at the rate of ______________.

  1. 1 millibar/altitude of 10 meters

  2. 1 millibar/altitude of 15 meters

  3. 1 millibar/altitude of 18 meters

  4. 1 millibar/altitude of 20 meters
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Near Earth's surface the pressure decreases with height at a rate of about 1 millibars for every 10 metres. However, over cold air the decrease in pressure can be much steeper because its density is greater than warmer air.

Multiple choice geography in search of the source of wind variations in atmospheric pressure properties of air pressure belts the concept of bernoulli's principle air exerts pressure

When the temperature increases atmospheric pressure _________.

  1. increases

  2. decreases

  3. remains same

  4. became zero
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

There exists a negative relation between pressure and temperature. When temperature increases pressure will fall and vice versa. That is why, pressure increases from equatorial region towards the polar region.

Multiple choice geography atmosphere and climate pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

Assertion (A) : Westerlies are stronger in the northen Hemisphere than in the southern Hemisphere
Reason (R) : The nothern Hemisphere has more land area than the southern Hemisphere.

  1. Both 'A' and 'R' are true and 'R' is the correct explanation of 'A'.

  2. Both 'A' and 'R' are true and 'R' is not the correct explanation of 'A'.

  3. 'A' is true but 'R'n is false.

  4. 'A' is false but 'R' is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The westerlies are the prevailing winds in the middle latitudes between $35^{\circ}$ and $65^{\circ}$ latitude blowing from the west to east. The westerlies are strong especially in the southern hemisphere where there is less land in middle latitudes to cause flow pattern to amplify. The strongest westerly winds southern hemisphere is Roaring Forties which blows between $40^{\circ}$ and $50^{\circ}$ latitudes.

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

Why do coastal areas experience less contrasts in temparature conditions?

  1. Due to moderating effect of the seas

  2. Due to land mass

  3. Due to heat conditions

  4. Due to rotation of the earth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Coastal areas experience less contrasts in temperature conditions due to moderating effect of the seas.  The large water bodies helps in moderating temperature. Water has a higher heat capacity than soil and rock, so the ocean takes much longer to heat and to cool than the land.

Multiple choice geography atmosphere and climate pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

Tropical cyclones cause rains on the _______.

  1. Malabar coast

  2. Coromandel coast

  3. Konkan coast

  4. Saurashtra coast
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Tropical cyclones causes rains on the Coromandel coast. Devastating cyclones originate in the Indian ocean especially in the Bay of  Bengal. The highest frequency of the cyclones is in the month of October and the first half of November. These cyclones are accompanied by strong winds, dense cloud, thundering and heavy rain. 

Multiple choice geography winds pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

An instrument which measures the force and velocity of winds is called ______________.

  1. Barometer

  2. Anemometer

  3. Thermometer

  4. Hygrometer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

An anemometer is a device specifically designed and used for measuring wind speed and direction, making it the correct meteorological instrument. A barometer measures atmospheric pressure, a thermometer measures temperature, and a hygrometer measures humidity.

Multiple choice geography atmosphere and climate pressure belts elements of weather and climate :rainfall and air pressure monsoon phenomena and its mechanism

The instrument used for measuring air pressure is called __________________.

  1. Hydrometer

  2. Anemometer

  3. Barometer

  4. Thermometer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The barometer is used for measuring atmospheric pressure, hence option C is correct.
  • Thermometer, is used to measure the temperature of human body.
  • Anemometer is used to measure wind speed and direction.
  • A hydrometer is used to measure the relative density of liquids.