Tag: option a: neurobiology and behaviour

Questions Related to option a: neurobiology and behaviour

Stimulant that raises body temperature and blood pressure is

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Theobromine

  2. Theophylline

  3. Dexedrine

  4. Cocaine

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Theobromine is a bitter alkaloid which is found in cocoa plant (cocoa beans from which chocolate is prepared) and in tea leaves also. It belongs to class of xanthine alkaloids. It is a natural stimulant which stimulates nervous system and makes a person more active, alert and excited. It is a vasodilator and acts as a stimulant of heart. If theobromine is taken in excess amount, it raises heart beat, blood pressure and body temperature.
So, the correct answer is 'Theobromine'.

Which one is affected after drinking?

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Coordination of body parts

  2. Reaction time

  3. Power of accommodation

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Alcohol has many effects on body:
  • It affects cerebellum in brain which results in loss of muscle coordination. Due to this coordination of body parts is lost like speech becomes coherent and the person can't even walk properly.
  • Alcohol increases reaction time. It is the time taken by body to respond to a stimulus. As a result of alcohol consumption, body takes more time to respond to a stimulus.
  • Alcohol effects the power of accommodation of eye which is the ability of eye to focus on objects at different distances for clear visibility. For this reason, alcoholic persons are advised not to drive because their eyes can't focus on objects and this increases the chances of accident. 
Hence, all the options are correct.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Cocaine interferes with transportation of neurotransmitter _________.

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Serotonin

  2. Dopamine

  3. Epinephrine

  4. Acetylchotine

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Cocaine is a natural stimulant. It stimulates nervous system and delays fatigue. It interferes with the transportation of neurotransmitter dopamine which is a catecholamine. Dopamine carries signals from one neuron to other. It is released in the gap between two neurons i.e. synapse. It binds to dopamine receptors of the neighboring neuron. The receptors are specialized proteins. Cocaine binds with these receptors and thus interferes with the transportation of dopamine across the neurons.
So, the correct answer is 'Dopamine'.

Fatty alcohol syndrome occurs in

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Alcoholic men

  2. Alcoholic women

  3. Children of alcoholic mothers

  4. All the alcoholics

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Consumption of alcohol leads to fatty liver syndrome in which there is build-up of fat in liver in both men and women. Gradually the liver hardens and dries up. The healthy cells of liver are replaced by fibrous tissue. This leads to build up of scar tissue in liver and leads to cirrhosis. This causes permanent damage to the liver. Due to this, activities like protein synthesis and glycolysis are greatly reduced in liver. The structure of liver also gets changed and blood flow is blocked.
So, the correct answer is 'All the alcoholics'.

Stimulant present in betel nut is

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Caffeine

  2. Theobromine

  3. Arecoline

  4. Amphetamine

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Betel nut or areca nut is a fruit of palm tree. It is a mild stimulant because it contains an alkaloid arecoline. Arecoline is a bitter alkaloid and a stimulant of central nervous system (CNS). Stimulants make a person alert and active and increase the excitement. Arecoline mimics the receptors of nicotine in brain and thus, it can have parasympathetic effects also in the body. Generally betel nut is chewed with betel leaf to have a stimulating effect. 
So, the correct answer is 'Arecoline'.

Arteries of an alcoholic become

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Dilated

  2. Rigid

  3. Brittle

  4. All the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Alcohol acts as a vasodilator. It causes the blood vessels to dilate due to which blood flow to skin and tissues is increased. This results in decrease in blood pressure. However drinking too much alcohol can cause constriction of blood vessels due to deposition of alcoholic fat on the walls of blood vessels resulting in decreased lumen of blood vessels.
So, the correct answer is 'Dilated'.

Stimulant alkaloid present in Tea is_________________.

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Thebaine

  2. Tannin

  3. Caffeine

  4. Both B and C

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The main methylxanthine (Stimulant alkaloid)  in tea is caffeine. Other methylxanthines are two theobromine and theophylline, which are similar compounds.

An effect of drinking is

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Rapid breathing

  2. Deeper breathing

  3. Slower breathing

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Drinking i.e. consuming alcohol causes deposition of alcoholic fat on the walls of blood vessels due to which lumen of blood vessels get reduced. This leads to increase in blood pressure and hence, the activity of heart is increased. The heart beat and strength of heart contraction becomes fast and the person may run short of breath. This may also lead to fatigue of muscles.
So, the correct answer is 'Rapid breathing'.

Drug affects

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Nervous System

  2. Locomotory system

  3. Excretory system

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • The drug is a medicine or other substance which has a physiological effect when ingested or otherwise introduced into the body. 
  • After prolonged preadaptation or after stimulation with I.P. amphetamine the several measures of locomotor activity in rats was seen which includes the distance covered, movement time, speed of progression, and sinuosity showed significant changes in extreme situations. 
  • Hence, the drug affects Locomotory system.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Locomotory system'.

Consumption of drugs may causes

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Cancer

  2. Chickenguniya

  3. AIDS

  4. Both A and C

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • Drugs are chemicals that affect the body and brain. Different drugs can have different effects. 
  • Misuse of drugs may affect the brain. They cause the release of large amounts of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate our emotions, motivation and feelings of pleasure, to flood the brain eventually leading to intense cravings and compulsive drug use. 
  • Side effects of drug addiction may include: A weakened immune system, increasing the risk of illness and infection, Heart conditions ranging from abnormal heart rates to heart attacks and collapsed veins and blood vessel infections from injected drugs, cancer, Increased strain on the liver, which puts the person at risk of significant liver damage or liver failure, Seizures, stroke, mental confusion and brain damage, AIDS, lung disease.
  •  Hence, the consumption of drugs may cause cancer and AIDS.
  •  So, the correct answer is 'Both A and C'.