Tag: option a: neurobiology and behaviour

Questions Related to option a: neurobiology and behaviour

An addictive drug prepared by heating with soda bicarb is

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Crack

  2. Speed ball

  3. Angel dust

  4. Smack

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Crack cocaine or crack is a crystal form of cocaine. It is prepared by heating cocaine with water and baking soda. First, cocaine is dissolved in hot water. Sodium bicarbonate i.e. baking soda is then added to the mixture. The solution is boiled and solids are separated out. The separated mixture is cooled and solids are cut into small pieces called rocks. Crack cocaine is smoked or may be injected intravenously for rapid effects.
So, the correct answer is 'Crack'.

Alcoholic beverages contain

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Methyl alcohol

  2. Ethyl alcohol

  3. Propyl alcohol

  4. A mixture of all of the above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Alcoholic beverages are produced by the distillation of ethanol. 
Ethanol or ethyl alcohol is produced by fermentation of fruits, vegetables or grains. 
There are different types of alcoholic drinks based on alcohol content. Alcohol is a depressant and reduces anxiety and produces euphoria (feeling of excitement). 
Alcohol if taken regularly can cause addiction and serious health problems.
So, the correct answer is 'Ethyl alcohol'.

Alcohol addiction

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Increases blood sugar

  2. Reduces blood sugar

  3. Leads to increased use of barbiturates

  4. Both B and C

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Alcohol addiction or alcoholism is the dependency of a person on regular consumption of alcohol. People suffering from alcohol are obsessed with alcohol and can't resist to consuming it. Generally ethyl alcohol is consumed by alcoholic people. Alcoholism reduces sugar level in blood due to which nutrients supply to different tissues in body get reduced. 
So, the correct answer is 'Reduces blood sugar'.

Alcoholics have reduced number of

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Erythrocytes

  2. Leucocytes

  3. Blood platelets

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Alcohol decreases the blood supply to bone marrow, the part of body where blood cells are formed. It also causes decrease in absorption  of nutrients in the body from the food. Nutrients like zinc, folic acid, iron etc. are required for formation of blood cells. Deficiency of these nutrients due to alcohol cause decline in red blood cells (erythrocytes). white blood cells (leucocytes) and platelets. This also leads to anaemia in alcoholic persons. Hence, all options are correct.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Alcohol is

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Appetiser

  2. Gastric irritant

  3. Stimulates gastric secretions

  4. Speeds up digestion

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Alcohol is a gastric irritant because it can cause many problems in gastrointestinal tract. Drinking alcohol can trigger production of more acid in the stomach which can cause burning sensation. It can also cause gastritis in which inflammation of lining of stomach occurs. Ulcers, the open sores in stomach lining can also occur due to acid in stomach. Drinking too much alcohol can cause reflux of acidic gastric juices in the oesophagus which cause a burning sensation and this condition is called heartburn. 
So, the correct answer is 'Gastric irritant'.

Hangover is due to accumulation of 

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Ethanol in liver

  2. Ethanol in lungs

  3. Acetaldehyde in body

  4. Formation of formaldehyde from acetaldehyde

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Hangover is the experience of unpleasant effects in body (which may be physiological or psychological) after consuming alcohol. It occurs due to accumulation of acetaldehyde in the body. Acetaldehyde is formed from alcohol by the action of enzyme alcoholic dehydrogenase (ADH). It causes dizziness, dry mouth, headache weakness, mood changes etc. Dehydration also occurs as urine output is increased due to consumption of alcohol. 
So, the correct answer is 'Acetaldehyde in body'.

Psychedelic drug is a

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Cocaine

  2. Smack

  3. Speed ball

  4. Psilocybe

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Psilocybe is a genus of gilled mushrooms from which psilocybin drug is obtained. Psilocybin is a psychedelic drug which affects behaviour, mood, thoughts and perceptions. It is a natural hallucinogen. Psilocybe mushrooms have hallucinogenic effects when eaten. It can also cause psychosis in which contact is lost with external reality. Other effects include anxiety and panic attacks. Synesthesia, a condition of mixed perception in which a person hears colours and sees sound, may also occur.
So, the correct answer is 'Psilocybe'.

An alcoholic male develops

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Impotence

  2. Early sexual maturity

  3. Increased appetite

  4. Both B and C

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Alcohol can cause infertility in men. It lowers the amount of testosterone which is male sex hormone. Testosterone is secreted from Leydig cells of testis. It stimulates development of secondary sex organs and sexual characters. It also promotes spermatogenesis i.e. formation of sperms from germ cells. Low levels of testosterone causes low sperm count which leads to failure in conception by females. Hence, alcohol can cause infertility or impotence in males.
So, the correct answer is 'Impotence'.

An alcoholic woman has

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Reduced fertility

  2. Little menstruation

  3. Spontaneous abortion

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Alcohol alters the levels of oestrogen and progesterone in females. Oestrogen is the female sex hormone which regulates menstrual cycle and development of sexual characters in females. Progesterone maintains inner lining of uterus and makes it suitable for implantation. Alteration in the levels of these hormones cause irregularity in menstrual cycle. As the inner lining of uterus (endometrium) is not developed properly, little menstruation occurs because its the inner lining which sheds off and bleeding occurs.
So, the correct answer is 'Little menstruation'.

Bone part that undergoes necrosis in alcoholics is

innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

  1. Head of femur

  2. Shaft of femur

  3. Vertebrae

  4. Carpals

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Alcoholic persons suffer from a disease of necrosis of bone called osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis. It is the death of bone tissue due to which head of femur collapse. Alcohol can cause accumulation of fatty acids because it interferes with their breakdown. Accumulation of fatty acids in blood vessels can lead to decreased rate of blood supply to the bone tissue. This causes necrosis of head of femur.
So, the correct answer is 'Head of femur'.