Tag: book keeping and accountancy

Questions Related to book keeping and accountancy

Reserve arising from capital receipts are known as_____.

book keeping and accountancy accounting for depreciation factors for determining depreciation factors of depreciation need for depreciation and the factors affecting the amount of depreciation

  1. Capital reserve

  2. Reserve fund

  3. Secret reserve

  4. General reserve

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The term 'Reserves' refers to the profits reatined in the business not having any of the attributes of a 'provision' If however, the provision exceeds the amount which is required to meet the loss or liabilty, the excess is to be treated as reserve. In other words, Reserves means accumulated or undistributed profits.

Basically, there are two types of reserves viz. Revenue Reserves and Capital Reserves.
Revenue reserves are those reserves which are created out of profits available for distribtion by way of dividend .
Capital reserves are those reserves which are not created out of operating profit but they arise out of capital receipts.

 The depreciation charged if not deducted from assets will appear under which account____.

book keeping and accountancy accounting for depreciation factors for determining depreciation factors of depreciation need for depreciation and the factors affecting the amount of depreciation

  1. Provision for fixed asset account

  2. Provision for asset account

  3. Accumulated depreciation account

  4. Depreciation account

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Option C is correct one.
The amount of depreciation is then transferred to Profit and Loss Account at the end of the year. However, the Asset Account will appear at cost. Further, the accumulated depreciation appears either shown as a deduction from the asset or the same may appear in the liability side of the Balance Sheet.

Give journal entry for: 

Expenses incurred on installation of plant.

book keeping and accountancy accounting for depreciation factors for determining depreciation factors of depreciation need for depreciation and the factors affecting the amount of depreciation

  1. Profit & loss A/c   Dr.

    To Bank A/c

  2. Plant A/c    Dr.

    To Bank A/c 

  3. Bank A/c    Dr. 

    To Profit & loss A/c 

  4. Bank A/c   Dr.

    To Plant A/c 

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

All the incidental expense incurred for purchase of an asset should be debited to the respective asset as these are capital expenditure. This includes all such expense incurred on the asset to make the same as "put to use". 

Expense incurred on installation of a plant of Rs.4500, below journal entry will be passed:
Plant A/c       Dr. 
    To Bank A/c                                    

In plant account repair comes on ______side.

book keeping and accountancy accounting for depreciation factors for determining depreciation factors of depreciation need for depreciation and the factors affecting the amount of depreciation

  1. Debit

  2. Credit

  3. Either Debit or Credit

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

None of the above. 

Repairs and maintenance are expenses a business incurs to restore an asset to a previous operating condition or to keep an asset in its current operating condition. Under generally accepted accounting principles – GAAP  you must record repairs and maintenance expenses in your records and report them on your financial statements in the period in which they were incurred. 

Journal entry to record repairs is :

Repairs A/c        Dr.

     To Cash/ Bank/ Creditors for expense A/c

Purchase cost of plant Rs.5,00,000, Installation cost Rs. 50,000 & Repair cost Rs. 3000 ,Original cost of Plant will be?

book keeping and accountancy accounting for depreciation factors for determining depreciation factors of depreciation need for depreciation and the factors affecting the amount of depreciation

  1. Rs.5,00,000

  2. Rs5,50,000

  3. Rs.5,53,000

  4. Rs.5,47,000

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

All expenditure incurred on plant till the asset is ready for put to use, are considered as capital expenditure.  This includes installation cost,  freight incurred for bringing the asset to the location etc. 


Original Cost of the plant will be:
Cost of Plant                                           Rs.500000
Add: Installation Cost                             Rs. 50000
                                                                -------------------
Original Cost of Plant                            Rs.550000
                                                               -------------------

Repair cost of Rs.3000 is a revenue expenditure and to be debited to profit & loss account. 

In plant account installation expenses comes on ______ side.

book keeping and accountancy accounting for depreciation factors for determining depreciation factors of depreciation need for depreciation and the factors affecting the amount of depreciation

  1. Debit

  2. Credit

  3. Either debit or credit

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The cost of installation must be added to the cost of assets itself. According to IFRS standard on PPE, the cost and incidental costs like installation cost to bring the asset into use must be measured and accounted for in order to determine the actual cost of any PPE. Hence you will debit Property, plant and equipment (PPE) and credit cash/ bank.

Remember the PPE must be debited under the correct asset category.

In this situation, the journal entry would be :

Plant A/c       Dr.

      To Bank A/c

Give journal entry for:
Depreciation transferred to profit and loss account of $Rs.7500$.

book keeping and accountancy accounting for depreciation factors for determining depreciation factors of depreciation need for depreciation and the factors affecting the amount of depreciation

  1. Profit and Loss A/c   Dr.  $7500$

    To Depreciation A/c  $7500$

  2. Profit and Loss A/c  Dr.  $7000$

    To Depreciation A/c  $7000$

  3. Depreciation A/c  Dr.  $7500$

    To Profit and Loss A/c  $7500$

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Depreciation is a charge to profit & loss account. Every year an amount is charged as depreciation on each of the asset by passing the below entry:


Depreciation A/c                 Dr. $7500$
    To Asset A/c                                     $7500$

Depreciation amount has to be transferred to profit & loss account by making the below journal entry:

Profit & Loss A/c                  Dr. $7500$
   To Depreciation A/c                         $7500$

The annual amount of depreciation charged every year  _______ under written down value method.

book keeping and accountancy accounting for depreciation factors for determining depreciation factors of depreciation need for depreciation and the factors affecting the amount of depreciation

  1. Highest in earlier years and gets decline in later years

  2. Highest in earlier years and gets increases in later years

  3. lowest in earlier years and gets decline in later years

  4. Lowest in earlier years and gets increases in later years

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Under written down value of method, depreciation calculated at a fixed percentage on the original cost in the first year and on the written down value, in subsequent years of a fixed depreciable asset. Under this method, the rate of depreciation remains constant year after year whereas the amount of depreciation goes on decreasing.

Straight line method and written down value method are generally used for calculating ____________ amount in practice.

book keeping and accountancy accounting for depreciation factors for determining depreciation factors of depreciation need for depreciation and the factors affecting the amount of depreciation

  1. Depreciation

  2. Appreciation

  3. Historical cost

  4. None of the Above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

There are two most commonly used method of depreciation i.e.,  Straight line method and Written down value method.

Under straight line method of depreciation, a fixed and equal amount of depreciation, calculated at a fixed percentage on the original cost of a fixed depreciable asset is written off during each accounting period over the expected useful life of the asset.
Under the written down value method, depreiation calculated at a fixed percentage on the original cost (in the first year) and on the written down value, (in subsequent years) of a fixed depreciable asset is written off during each accounting period over the expected useful life of the asset. Under this method, the rate of depreciation remains constant year after year ehereas the amlount of depreciation goes on decreasing.

Under Straight line method depreciation is charged on the basis of ___________.

book keeping and accountancy accounting for depreciation factors for determining depreciation factors of depreciation need for depreciation and the factors affecting the amount of depreciation

  1. Original Cost

  2. Cash Cost

  3. Both

  4. None

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Under straight line method of depreciation, a fixed and equal amount of deprecation, calculated at a fixed percentage on the original cost of a fixed depreciable asset is written off during each accounting period over the expected useful life of asset.