Tag: bio-chemistry

Questions Related to bio-chemistry

Essential fatty acids were discovered by

bio-chemistry biological molecule lipids and their function some biomolecules lipids

  1. Evans and Burr

  2. Bloor

  3. Sutherland

  4. Beevers

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Essential fatty acids are those fatty acid which plays an important role in the biological process and they can be metabolized easily. These acts as a fuel rather getting deposited as fat in the body. The human body cannot synthesize essential fatty acids. Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are the two essential fatty acid. It was discovered by Evans and Burr.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Lanolin or wool fat is a

bio-chemistry biological molecule lipids and their function some biomolecules lipids

  1. Hard fat

  2. Oil

  3. Wax

  4. Sterol

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Lanolin is also known as wool fat, wool grease or wool wax. It is secreted by the sebaceous glands of wool-bearing animals. It is obtained by the sheep which has been raised specifically for wool. It helps the sheep to shedd water from their coats and protect them from changing environmental conditions. Wax is a long chain of sterol ester. It is also used in commercial production of lubricants, rust-preventive coatings, shoe polish.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Linoleic is unsaturated fatty acid whose content is highest in

bio-chemistry biological molecule lipids and their function some biomolecules lipids

  1. Cotton oil

  2. Sunflower oil

  3. Coconut oil

  4. Groundnut oil

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature as they have double bonds. The essential fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are unsaturated as they have double bonds. Sunflower oil is a non- volatile oil. It is a mixture of mostly oleic acid (omega-9)-linoleic acid (omega-6). The composition precisely comprises of  59% linoleic acid, oleic acid 30%, stearic acid 6%, and palmitic acid is 5%.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Match the columns:

$a$ Biological pigments $1.$ Sodium chloride
$b$ Chemical messengers $2.$ Steroids
$c$ Important constituent of blood $3.$ Prostaglandins
$d$ Four carbon rings $4.$ Terpenes
bio-chemistry biological molecule lipids and their function some biomolecules lipids

  1. $a - 2, b - 4, c - 3, d - 1$

  2. $a - 2, b - 1, c - 4, d - 3$

  3. $a - 3, b - 4, c - 2, d - 1$

  4. $a - 4, b - 3, c - 1, d - 2$

  5. $a - 3, b - 4, c - 1, d - 2$

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Arachidonic acid gives rise to

bio-chemistry biological molecule lipids and their function some biomolecules lipids

  1. Terpenes

  2. Prostaglandins

  3. Gangliosides

  4. Cerebrosides

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid. It is present in the phospholipids and helps in the formation of membranes. It is not considered as essential fatty acid as it can be easily formed by the conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid. It is the most abundant fatty acid in the brain. It helps in the synthesis of prostaglandins. The prostaglandins synthesized is PG$ _2$. They are autocrine and paracrine lipid mediators that act upon platelets, endothelium, uterine and mast cells. 
So, the correct answer is option D.

A saturated fatty acid is

bio-chemistry biological molecule lipids and their function some biomolecules lipids

  1. Arachidonic acid

  2. Stearic acid

  3. Oleic acid

  4. Linoleic acid

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Saturated fatty acids have single bond and are solid at room temperature. Hydrogenation is the process which involves the addition of hydrogen in the presence of nickel, palladium or platinum. On addition of hydrogen, the double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids are reduced to saturated fatty acid. Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid as it has single carbon bonds. It has eighteen carbon with chemical formula of  C$ _{18}$H$ _{36}$O$ _2$. It can be produced by saponification of the triglycerides.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Which one is essential fatty acid?

bio-chemistry biological molecule lipids and their function some biomolecules lipids

  1. Linoleic acid

  2. Linolenic acid

  3. Arachidonic acid

  4. All the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Essential fatty acids are that fatty acid which plays an important role in the biological process and they can be metabolized easily. These acts as a fuel rather getting deposited as fat in the body. The human body cannot synthesize essential fatty acids.  are the two essential fatty acid. Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are the two essential fatty acid. Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid. It is present in the phospholipids and helps in the formation of membranes. It is not an essential amino acid as it can be easily formed by the conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid. It is the most abundant fatty acid in the brain. It becomes essential if there is a deficiency of linoleic acid.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Arachidonic acid and palmitic acids have how many carbons in each of them.

bio-chemistry biological molecule lipids and their function some biomolecules lipids

  1. 16, 16

  2. 16, 20

  3. 20, 16

  4. 18, 16

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Arachidonic acid contains 20 carbon. it is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid found in phospholipid of the membrane of cells liver, brain, and muscles.

Palmitic acids contain 16 carbon in it and it is most common fatty acid found in the microorganism, plants, and animal.
thus the correct option is C.

A fatty acid is unsaturated if it

bio-chemistry biological molecule lipids and their function some biomolecules lipids

  1. Contains hydrogen

  2. Contains double bonds

  3. Contains an acidic group

  4. Bonds to glycogen

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Unsaturated fat is a fat or fatty acid in which there is one or more double bond in the fatty acid chain. A fat molecule is monounsaturated if it contains one double bond, and polyunsaturated if it contains two or more double bonds.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Contains double bonds'.

Which of the following is not a type of fat?

bio-chemistry biological molecule lipids and their function some biomolecules lipids

  1. Polysaturated fat

  2. Monounsaturated fat

  3. Saturated fat

  4. Polyunsaturated fat

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Answer is option A i.e. "Polysaturated"
Fats are one of the main macro-nutrients. Fats serve both structural and metabolic functions. There are four types of fats: saturated, monounsaturated, trans and polyunsaturated.
1) Saturated fats have no double bonds between the carbons in the chain.
2) Monounsaturated fats have one double bonded carbon in the chain
3) Polyunsaturated fats have multiple double bonds.
4) Trans fats are types of unsaturated fats formed by hydrogenation of oils.