Tag: life processes in living organism

Ventricles are the open space or cavity in the brain which helps in relay of information. Diocoel is the cavity of the developing diencephalon, that later gives rise to the third ventricle of the brain. So, the correct answer is option C.

The osmoreceptors are specialised cells in the hypothalamus, which respond to changes in extracellular tonicity. $Na^+$ accounts for 92% of ECF tonicity, these receptors function as monitors of ECF [$Na^+$]. These receptors are called as osmo-sodium receptors. The osmoreceptors effectively respond to the ECF [$Na^+$] and this is also the factor, which effectively controls the distribution of water between intracellular and extracellular fluid.

One of the major functions of the hypothalamus is to maintain homeostasis, to keep the human body in a stable, constant condition. The hypothalamus responds to a variety of signals from the internal and external environment including body temperature, hunger, feelings of being full up after eating, blood pressure and levels of hormones in the circulation. 

Broca's area is a region in the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere in the cerebral cortex with functions linked to speech production. Broca's area is located in the lower portion of the left frontal lobe.

The temporal lobe controls hearing. The temporal lobe is located below the lateral fissure on both hemispheres of the brain.

Emotion involves two parts of the nervous system - the limbic system and the autonomic nervous system. The limbic system is a complex set of structures, that lies on both sides of the thalamus, just under the cerebrum. It includes the hypothalamus, the hippocampus, the amygdala. The hypothalamus feeds information into the amygdala. The hypothalamus acts as a regulator of emotion, controlling levels of sexual desire, pleasure, aggression and anger.

The occipital lobe is the visual processing center of the mammalian brain containing most of the anatomical region of the visual cortex. The occipital lobes are part of the forebrain. A significant functional aspect of the occipital lobe is that it contains the primary visual cortex. The optic lobes are especially prominent in fish and birds.

The neopallium (or neocortex) is a part of the brain that is highly developed in mammals, responsible for higher-order brain functions like sensory perception and cognition.