Tag: abiotic resources

 The laterite soil develops in areas with high temperature and heavy rain. This is the result of intense leaching due to heavy rain. Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro organisms, particularly the decomposers, like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature. 

This is the most widely spread and important soil. The alluvial soil consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay. Alluvial soils as a whole are very fertile. Mostly these soils contain adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid and lime.

Khadar type of soil is present in northern plains. It contains new alluvium. This type of alluvium is used extensively for agriculture.

• Black cotton soil is also called as regular soil.
  
• Black soils are derivatives of trapped lava. These are found mostly across Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh on the Deccan lava plateau and the Malwa Plateau, where there is both moderate rainfall and underlying basaltic rock.
  
• Cotton is grown well in this soil.
  

• Old alluvium is called Bhangar. It contains calcareous deposits locally known as 'Kankar'. Soil is not very fertile. And hence not suitable for agriculture.
  
• Newer alluvium is called khadar. It contains new alluvium. Used extensively for agriculture. It has no calcareous deposits.
  

• Laterite soils are developed in the areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall.
  
• Laterite soil is a rock type soil rich in iron and aluminium, and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas.

Major soil of North India is Alluvial soil and mostly in northern plains or northern Indian states like Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar etc.