Tag: civics

 Village economy was badly affected. The village panchayats were deprived of their rights. The introduction of the concept of private property in land turned land into a market com­modity. Changes came in social relationships. New social classes like the landlord, the trader, the money-lender, and the landed gentry shot into prominence. The class of rural proletariat, the poor peasant proprietor, the sub-tenant and the agricultural labourer multiplied in number. The climate of co-operation gradually gave place to the system of competition and individualism; the pre-requisites for the capitalist development of agriculture were created.

Tarapur Atomic Power Station (T.A.P.S.) is located in Tarapur, Maharashtra, India. It was constructed initially with two boiling water reactor (BWR) units by Bechtel and GE under the 1963 123 Agreement between India, the United States, and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

Privatisation can refer to the act of transferring ownership of specified property or business operations from a government organization to a privately owned entity, as well as the transition of ownership from a publicly traded, or owned, company to a privately owned company. For a company to be considered privately owned, it cannot secure funding through public trades on a stock exchange.

Historically, the Indian economy was primarily agrarian, with the vast majority of the population living and working in villages, making it a village economy.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) operates through a countrywide network of centres. Sensors and payloads are developed at the Space Applications Centre in Ahmedabad. Satellites are designed, developed, assembled, and tested at the ISRO Satellite Centre in Bangalore. Launch vehicles are developed at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre in Thiruvananthapuram. Launches take place at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre on Sriharikota Island, near Chennai. The Master Control Facilities for geostationary satellite station keeping are located at Hassan and Bhopal. Reception and processing facilities for remote-sensing data are at the National Remote Sensing Centre in Hyderabad. ISRO’s commercial arm is Antrix Corporation, which has its headquarters in Bangalore.

The economy of India had undergone significant policy shifts in the beginning of the 1990s. This new model of economic reforms is commonly known as the LPG or Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation model. The primary objective of this model was to make the economy of India the fastest developing economy in the globe with capabilities that help it match up with the biggest economies of the world.

Aryabhata, first unmanned Earth satellite built by India. It was named for a prominent Indian astronomer and mathematician of the 5th century ce. The satellite was assembled at Peenya, near Bangalore, but was launched from within the Soviet Union by a Russian-made rocket on April 19, 1975. Aryabhata weighed 794 pounds (360 kilograms) and was instrumented to explore conditions in the Earth’s ionosphere, measure neutrons and gamma rays from the Sun, and perform investigations in X-ray astronomy. The scientific instruments had to be switched off during the fifth day in orbit because of a failure in the satellite’s electrical power system. Useful information, nevertheless, was collected during the five days of operation.

Bangalore is known as the Silicon Valley of India and the IT Capital of India. It is considered to be a global information technology hub and largest software exports from India are done through Bangalore. Some of the top Indian IT service providers like Infosys, Wipro, Mindtree and Mphasis are headquartered in Bangalore. It is also the country headquarters to many top firms like Intel, Texas Instruments, Bosch, Yahoo, SAP Labs, Continental among others. Bangalore alone consists of more than 35% of all the IT companies present in India and contains close to 5000 companies, making it the largest IT contributor in India.

Hyderabad is known as the HITEC City or Cyberabad, and is a major global information technology hub and second largest IT exporter and the largest bioinformatics hub of India. It has become the first destination for the Microsoft development center in India and the largest software development center outside of their headquarters in Redmond, USA. Microsoft, Facebook, Apple Inc, Infosys, Google, Cognizant, Tata Consultancy Services, Computer Sciences Corporation, Accenture, Tech Mahindra, Wipro, HCL, Cyient, IGATE, Capgemini, Amazon.com, IBM, Dell, Deloitte etc., and close to 3000 companies operate from the city.

Some of the major companies having operation centers at Chennai are Accenture, Cognizant, TCS, Syntel, Wipro, Infosys, Verizon, HCL, Amazon.com, eBay, Paypal, Polaris, Patni, Capgemini and many major global providers. The city has a world class IT infrastructures with dedicated expressway nicknamed as IT expressways, and many other IT parks promoted by both government and private entities. The city's strong industrial base also favors the setting up of many major R&D centers in its vicinity.

Atomic power station converts the atomic energy into usable power. According to the data, there are 22 atomic power stations in India at present. This data is provided as of 2016. The unit used for electric power is gigawatt (GW), which is equal to one billion (10^9) watts.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

Information technology (IT) is the use of any computers, storage, networking and other physical devices, infrastructure and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange all forms of electronic data.