Tag: cell and cell organelles

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Questions Related to cell and cell organelles

Multiple choice component of the cell cell and cell organelles cell organelles cell: the unit of life biology cell as structural and functional unit basics of cell

Select the wrong statement from the following.

  1. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain an inner and an outer membrane.

  2. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment, the thylakoid space bounded by the thylakoid membrane.

  3. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA.

  4. The chloroplasts are generally much larger than mitochondria.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chloroplasts have internal membranes called thylakoids suspended in ground substance called stroma. The thylakoids are of two types : appressed and non-appressed. The appressed membranes are stacked like a pile of coins called grana. The thylakoid membranes enclose small chambers. This thylakoid membrane system is absent in mitochondria. In mitochondria, the inner mitochondrial membrane is folded into cristae.

Multiple choice component of the cell cell and cell organelles cell organelles cell: the unit of life biology cell as structural and functional unit basics of cell

Carotenes and chlorophyll pigment types can be traced in 

  1. Matrix

  2. Lamellae

  3. Stroma

  4. Grana
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Internally, the chloroplast has two main components; the thylakoid lamellae and stroma. The stroma contains enzymes of Calvin cycle and carries out the dark reaction. The light reaction is carried out by thylakoid lamellae arranged as grana. Carotenes and chlorophyll pigments are present in the grana. These pigments are involved in capturing light energy for the light reaction. The inner space of mitochondria is filled with mitochondrial matrix.

Multiple choice component of the cell cell and cell organelles cell organelles cell: the unit of life biology cell as structural and functional unit basics of cell

Which of the following sets of cell organelles contain DNA?

  1. Mitochondria, peroxysorne

  2. Plasma membrane, ribosome

  3. Mitochondria, chloroplast

  4. Chloroplast, dictyosome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A eukaryotic cell has DNA in nucleus as well as cell organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts. The DNA in cell organelles resembles prokaryotic DNA. The organelle DNA is present as a circular molecule while the DNA in nucleus is organised as linear structures.

Multiple choice component of the cell cell and cell organelles cell organelles cell: the unit of life biology cell as structural and functional unit basics of cell

DNA is present in

  1. Chromosomes and dictyosomes

  2. Chloroplast and lysosomes

  3. Mitochondria and chloroplasts

  4. Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

DNA is a long polymer made from repeating units called as nucleotides. DNA is found in mitochondria, plastid & nucleolus. Eukaryotic organisms like animals, plants, fungi, and protists store most of their DNA inside the cell nucleus and some of their DNA in organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts. In contrast, prokaryotes like bacteria and archaea store their DNA only in the cytoplasm. 

Multiple choice component of the cell cell and cell organelles cell organelles cell: the unit of life biology cell as structural and functional unit basics of cell

Extra nuclear DNA is found in

  1. Lysosome and chloroplast

  2. Chloroplast and mitochondria

  3. Mitochondria and lysosome

  4. Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Extrachromosomal DNA is found in chloroplast and mitochondria. Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA  or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.

Multiple choice component of the cell cell and cell organelles cell organelles cell: the unit of life biology cell as structural and functional unit basics of cell

Which of the following is not common in chloroplasts and mitochondria?

  1. Both are present in animal cells.

  2. Both contains their own genetic material.

  3. Both are present in eukaryotic cells.

  4. Both are present in plant cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. This extra chromosomal DNA is present in both mitochondria and chloroplast. Chloroplast and mitochondria are present in the plant cell but chloroplast is absent in the animal cell. They both are present in eukaryotic cells.

Multiple choice component of the cell cell and cell organelles cell organelles cell: the unit of life biology cell as structural and functional unit basics of cell

Select the wrong statement from the following.

  1. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain an inner and outer membrane.

  2. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment, the thylakoid space bounded by the thylakoid membrane.

  3. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA.

  4. The chloroplasts are generally much larger than mitochondria.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Option b is incorrect because a  thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria and not present in the mitochondrion. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana. Grana are connected by intergranal or stroma thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.

Multiple choice component of the cell cell and cell organelles cell organelles cell: the unit of life biology cell as structural and functional unit basics of cell

Autonomic genome system is present in

  1. Ribosomes and chloroplasts

  2. Mitochondria and ribosomes

  3. Mitochondria and chloroplasts

  4. Golgi bodies and mitochondria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

According to the endosymbiotic theory about origin of chloroplast and mitochondria, both of these cell organelles were independent organisms that became lodged inside a eukaryotic cell during evolution. 

As both chloroplast and mitochondria were once upon a time independent organisms they have their own genetic material as well as protein synthesis machinery. 

Thus, they have their own autonomous genome system.

Multiple choice component of the cell cell and cell organelles cell organelles cell: the unit of life biology cell as structural and functional unit basics of cell

Given below are assertion and reason. Point out if both are true with reason being the explanation (A), both true but reason is not correct explanation (B), assertion true but reason is wrong (C), both are wrong (D)
Assertion. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own genome
Reason. Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi body are the cell organelles which have their own DNA.

  1. A

  2. B

  3. C

  4. D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Assertion is true (mitochondria/chloroplasts have their own DNA). Reason is false because the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi body do not contain their own DNA.

Multiple choice component of the cell cell and cell organelles cell organelles cell: the unit of life biology cell as structural and functional unit basics of cell

Movement of ten electrons from mitochondrial NADH molecules produces water molecules

  1. 20

  2. 15

  3. 10

  4. 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In the electron transport chain, each NADH molecule provides 2 electrons. 10 electrons (from 5 NADH molecules) react with oxygen to form 5 water molecules (since 4 electrons are required for 1 O2 to form 2 H2O).