Tag: oscillation and waves

The oscillations about a system of equilibrium position that occur in the absence of an external excitation are free vibrations or natural vibrations.

A person drives the paddle ball by moving his finger up and down at a accelerating frequency. This is the example of force vibration as the motion of finger force to move paddle balls.

(i) Tuning of Radio (ii) Pipe instrument (iii) Rotating machinery.

The driven force $ F= {F} _{0} \sin \omega t$

Force vibration is a type at vibration in which a body is vibrate without any external influence and vibrates with its natural frequency. So, given statement describes a free vibrations.

The vibrations which occur when work is being done on the system is called forced vibration.

A motion of reciprocating pistons in an engine is an example of force vibration. In this case motion of the piston is governed by a pressure of a gas inside ignition of a chamber.

The motion of a vehicle suspension system just after the vehicle encounters a pothole is an example of natural vibration. When suspension system encounters a pothole it is disturbed from its equilibrium position after that an oscillatory motion generates inside it to take it back its initial position but there is no external force which maintains that oscillatory motion.

The free oscillation of a body or system is due to its own natural frequency and under no external influence. But to carry out it continuously, the external impulse is needed. The child is doing this by pressing the ground.

Obviously, in the absence of such external impulse or force, free oscillations will die soon due to other negative forces i.e. damping forces.

Therefore assertion and reason both are correct and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion.

Option A is correct.

As, we know total mechanical energy $=$ maximum potential energy