Tag: environmental economics

Questions Related to environmental economics

Match the columns and find out the correct combination.

I II
a DDT i. Co, $CO _2$
b PAN ii. Smog
c Acid rain iii. Biological magnification
d Global warming iv. $SO _2$
economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. a-iv, b-iii, c-ii, d-i

  2. a-i, b-iii, c-ii, d-iv

  3. a-ii, b-iii, c-iv, d-i

  4. a-iii, b-ii, c-iv, d-i

  5. a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
   I    II
 a  DDT  iii  Biological magnification
 b  PAN  ii  Smog
 c  Acid Rain  iv  SO$ _{2}$
 d  Global Warming  i  CO, CO$ _{2}$

a. DDT is the organochlorine that was used as the insecticide. It is insoluble in water but shows persistence in the adipose tissues of the living organisms due to which it keeps in accumulating at the successive trophic level in the food chain. This accumulation is called the biological accumulation.

b. Peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN) is the secondary pollutant that causes the formation of smog in the presence of sunlight,
c. Acid rain the result of the reaction between the oxides of nitrogen and sulphur with the water to form the respective acids and precipitate in the form of acid rain.
d. Global warming is the increase in the temperature of the earth due to the trapping of the long-wave infra-red radiations by the gases like CO, CO$ _{2}$. This is called the greenhouse effect.
Hence, the correct answer is 'a-iii, b-ii, c-iv, d-i'.

Study the following statements regarding acid rain and select the incorrect ones.


(i) Acid rain refers to the rainfall and other forms of precipitation with a pH of less than 5.
(ii) Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen are released from automobile exhausts, industries, power plants, etc.
(iii) These oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, may react with water in the air and form sulphuric acid $ \left( { H } _{ 2 }{ SO } _{ 4 } \right)  $ and nitric acid $ \left( { HNO } _{ 3 } \right)  $
(iv) Acid rain has harmful effects on animals and human beings but no characteristic impact on plants.

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. (i) and (iii)

  2. (iii) and (iv)

  3. (iv) only

  4. (ii) only

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Acid rain damages plants by direct effect on foliage and growing point-chlorosis, necrosis, defoliation, dieback. It causes leaching of essential minerals of soil.

Below given are few effects
A. Acidification of soil reduces fertility of soil
B. Destroys aquatic life and pollutes water resources
C. Causes irritation to eyes and skin of human beings and cattles
D. Causes erosion to buildings, bridges, statues etc
These all are the effects of 

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. Global warming

  2. Green house effect

  3. Eutrophication

  4. Acid rains

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Acid rain is caused by or recent reports of acid rain in some industrial cities are due to the effect of atmospheric pollution by

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. Excessive release of $CO _2$ by burning of fuels like wood and charcoal, cutting of forests and increased animal population

  2. Excessive release of $NO _2$ and $SO _2$ in the atmosphere by burning of fossil fuel

  3. Excessive release of $NH _3$ by industrial plants and coal gas

  4. Excessive release of CO in the atmosphere by incomplete combustion of coke, charcoal and other carbonaceous fuel in the of oxygen

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When $SO _2$ pollution in the air is much higher. Sometimes, $SO _2$ mixes in the air with small particles of metals near the factories and gets oxidised into sulphur trioxide $SO _3$. These gases are harmful and they react with water to form sulphuric acid ($H _2$$SO _4$) or sulphurous acid ($H _2$$SO _3$) and come down to earth with rainwater; it is called acid rain or acid precipitation.

Damage of Taj Mahal is being caused by

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. Acid rain

  2. Dust

  3. Global warming

  4. Smoke

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Taj Mahal is situated in Agra which has a number of industries. The pollutants from industries are released in the air which include oxides of sulphur and nitrogen. The oxides of sulphur and nitrogen react with water vapours in the atmosphere and form sulphuric acid and nitric acid which come down on earth in the form of rain and this is known as acid rain. 
The acid rain reacts with the marble of Taj Mahal which is made up of calcium carbonate and this has resulted in the change of colour of marble of Taj Mahal from white to pale yellow. Thus acid rain due to industrialization in Agra is damaging the Taj Mahal.
So, the correct answer is 'Acid rain'.

Acid rain is caused by.

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. Excess production of coal gas

  2. Excess release of $CO _2$ due to increasing combustion and respiration

  3. Excess release of $SO _2$ and $NO _2$ from burning fossil fuels

  4. Excess production of gaseous hydrocarbons

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Oxides of Sulphur and Nitrogen produced by the burning of fossil fuels react with water molecules in the atmosphere forming Sulphur based and Nitrogen based acids.

They precipitate and cause corrosion of buildings and plants.
So, the correct option is 'Excess release of  SO$ _2$ and NO$ _2$ from burning fossil fuels .'

Acid rain is due to.

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. Water pollution

  2. Air pollution

  3. Automobile pollution

  4. Pesticide pollution

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Air pollution resulting in high concentrations of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide leads to the production of acid by reaction with water vapour.

The formed acids of sulphur and nitrogen precipitate with rain forming acid rain.
So, the correct option is 'Acid Rain'.

The oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, when mixed with water in the air, are the chief components of acid rain.

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. True

  2. False

  3. Either

  4. Neither

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
When the pH of rain is below 5.2, it is called acid rain. It occurs when oxides of nitrogen and sulfur react with water in the atmosphere and form nitric acid and sulfuric acid respectively. These acids then come down along with rain and make it acidic. The reactions of formation of nitric acid and sulfuric acid in the atmosphere are as follows:
SO2 + O2 ---> SO3
SO3 + H2O ---> H2SO4
NO + [O] ---> N2O5
N2O5 + H20 ---> HNO3
Hence, the statement given in the question is correct.
So, the correct answer is 'True'.

Environmental degradation is not an economic problem.

economics environment and sustainable development need for sustainable development environmental economics sustainable development

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: B

Process of ____________ has been accompanied with depletion in the stock of natural resources and environmental degradation.

economics environment and sustainable development need for sustainable development environmental economics sustainable development

  1. inclusive growth

  2. economic growth

  3. sustainable development

  4. none of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Economic growth refers to the process of using natural resources for the development of the economy. But in developed countries the resources are exploited in a very large quantity that leads to the depletion of these stock of natural resources.