Tag: human respiratory system

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Multiple choice zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

Pulmonary surfactant is 

  1. Amino acid

  2. Steroid

  3. Phospholipid

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active lipoprotein complex (phospholipoprotein) formed by type II alveolar cells.
  •  The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. 
  • It helps to increase pulmonary compliance, To prevent a collapse of the lung at the end of expiration. Hence, Pulmonary surfactant is a phospholipid.
So, the correct answer is ' phospholipid'.
Multiple choice zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

  1. Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast.

  2. Fermentation is a form of aerobic respiration.

  3. Haemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen.

  4. Alveoli increase the surface area for the exchange of gases.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In fermentation, the carbohydrate gets broken down, but instead of making pyruvate, the final product is a different molecule depending on the type of fermentation. Fermentation is most often triggered by a lack of sufficient amounts of oxygen to continue running the aerobic respiration chain. Humans undergo lactic acid fermentation. Instead of pyruvate, lactic acid is created instead. Other organisms can undergo alcoholic fermentation where the end product is neither pyruvate nor lactic acid. The organism makes ethyl alcohol as an end product. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

If a respiratory surface dries out, gas exchange will 

  1. Increase

  2. Decrease

  3. Stop

  4. Not be affected
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The respiratory surface needs moisture for maximum efficiency. Oxygen from the air dissolves in the water on the surface momentarily and this allows the oxygen more time to cross the alveolar membrane. If the surface dries out, gas exchange will happen at a very reduced rate since fast-moving gaseous oxygen molecules do not efficiently cross the alveolar membrane. The reduced gas exchange is mostly likely not enough to support blood oxygenation for vital functions. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

Diffusion is insufficient to meet $...............$ requirements of multicellular organisms.

  1. Carbon dioxide

  2. Oxygen

  3. Nitrogen

  4. Sulphur
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Diffusion is insufficient to meet the oxygen requirement of multicellular organisms like human because all the cells are not direct contact in environment and diffusion is a slow process. Diffusion is too slow to cover the distance between the gas exchange surface and the sites where the oxygen is required. That is why we need a gas transport system - the bloodstream. It would be difficult to allow passive diffusion to transfer oxygen because there would need to be gradients across each and every cell. In the end, it would be too slow and impractical for any multicellular organism to use.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes. 

Column I Column II
(A) Trachea (i) $PO _{2}$ in alveolar air 
(B) Respiratory centre (ii) ATP 
(C) Yeast (iii) Cartilaginous rings
(D) Insects (iv) Medullaoblongata
(E) Fish (v) Larynx
(F) Biologically useful energy (vi) Tracheal respiration
(G) 100mm Hg (vii) Ethanol
(H) Vocal cords (viii) Branchial respiration

  1. A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(vii), D-(vi), E-(viii), F-(ii), G-(i), H-(v)

  2. A-(v), B-(ii), C-(vii), D-(viii), E-(vi), F-(iv), G-(i), H-(iii)

  3. A-(vi), B-(iv), C-(viii), D-(v), E-(i), F-(ii), G-(iii), H-(vii)

  4. A-(i), B-(v), C-(vii), D-(iii), E-(viii), F-(ii), G-(iv), H-(vi)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Trachea consists of C-shaped cartilaginous rings that support the walls of the trachea and prevent its collapse during inspiration. 
  • Respiratory centre is located in the medulla oblongata. 
  • Yeast undergoes anaerobic respiration to produce ethanol and $CO _{2}$. 
  • The type of respiration in insects and fish is tracheal respiration and branchial respiration respectively. 
  • ATP is a biologically useful energy produced during respiration. 
  • The partial pressure of $O _{2}$ in alveolar air is approximately 104 mm Hg. 
  • Vocal cords are present inside the larynx.
So the current option is A.

Multiple choice zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Because $NAD^+$ and FAD are critical coenzymes in cellular respiration, huge quantities must be synthesized in the cell to ensure there is no shortage.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

NAD+ and FAD are co-enzymes required for the completion of many biochemical pathways. However, there is no need for an enormous amount of synthesis of either of these co-enzymes as there as a mechanism of recycling the co-enzymes after completion of one step in the metabolic pathway. These co-enzymes are predominantly required for the synthesis of ATP (energy currency of the cell) and will be used in the electron transport chain for the production of the same. So, they are not required to be synthesized in huge quantities but they play a crucial role in cell energetics.

So, the correct statement is 'False'. 

Multiple choice zoology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

Carotid artery supplies 

  1. Oxygenated blood to lungs

  2. Oxygenated blood to intestine

  3. Oxygenated blood to brain

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

There are two types of the carotid artery; one in left and one in the right. The external carotid artery supplies blood to the face and neck whereas internal carotid artery supplies blood to the brain.


Therefore the right option is 'oxygenated blood to brain'.

Multiple choice biology breathing and respiration regulation of breathing human respiratory system contro and disorders of respiration

Larynx is a modified portion of

  1. Pharynx

  2. Trachea

  3. Bronchus

  4. Lungs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Larynx (voice box) is located between the pharynx and the trachea. It is the upper modified part of trachea and leads to trachea or windpipe. It has a framework of cartilage that protrudes in the front of the neck and sometimes is referred as the Adams apple. The larynx is considerably larger in males than in females; hence, the Adams apple is much more prominent in males. At the upper end of the larynx, vocal cords are present which help in production of speech. They are set into vibration by the flow of air from the lungs. A difference in the size of the larynx is what accounts for the difference between male and female voices; because male larynx is larger than a female larynx, usually male voice is lower in pitch. The nasal cavities, the sinuses, and the pharynx all serve as resonating chambers for speech, just as the cabinet does for a stereo speaker.