Tag: taxonomy and systematic botany

An analgesic and narcotic drug obtained from opium and used medicinally to relieve pain. It is obtained from the latex of dried seed pods of Papaver somniferum belongs to the family Papaveraceae.

So, the correct option is ‘Papaver somniferum’. 

A classification that is based on biochemical properties are termed as chemotaxonomy.

And the classification based on quantitative assessment of similarities and differences between the organisms are known as phenetic classification.

Classification based on cytological characteristics of organisms is known as cytotaxonomy. Also, phylogenetic classification is based on the evolutionary ancestry.

So the correct option is B. 

Natural system of classification takes into consideration comparable study of number of characters so as to bring out natural similarities and dissimilarities and hence natural relationships among the organisms. They include morphological characters, anatomical characters, cytological characters, physiology, ontogeny or development, reproduction, cytochemistry and biochemistry, experimental taxonomy, etc. So, the correct answer is 'Natural'.

• Initially, the Phylogenetic system was proposed by Engler and Prantl. In their treatise 'Die Naturlichen Pflanzen Familien', they arranged the flowering plants according to the increasing complexity of their floral morphology. 
  
• John Hutchinson was a British botanist associated with Royal botanic gardens, Kew, England.  His phylogenetic system first appeared as  "The Families of Flowering plants " in two volumes. 
• Carolus Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist who formalized binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as  The Father of Taxonomy. 
• George Bentham was an English botanist whose classification of seed plants (Spermatophyta), based on an exhaustive study of all known species, served as a foundation for modern systems of vascular plant taxonomy.

Meiosis occurs during the formation of gametes (gametogenesis) in the life cycle of flowering plants to reduce the chromosome number from diploid to haploid.

Taxanomy is a scince of classifying living things according to their similarities and diferences.

• Modern taxonomy is based on the hypotheses' of the evolutionary history of organisms, known as Phylogeny. As with the scientific method, scientists develop a hypothesis on the history of an animal and utilize modern science and technology to prove phylogeny.
• With the advent of such fields of study as phylogenetics, cladistics, and systematics, the Linnaean system has progressed to a system of modern biological classification based on evolutionary relationships between organisms, both living and extinct.
• So the correct option is 'phylogeny'.

Plants exhibit sensitivity and irritation but sensor organs are absent.

So, the statement is ‘True’.

Ther term taxonomy is introduced by Carl Linnaeus. He is called as the father of taxonomy. He developed taxonomic hierarchy. It is also called as Linnaeus hierarchy. In it, domain is the highest rank followed by kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Species is the lowest rank in the hierarchy.