Tag: geography

Ankleshwar, also famous as Gujarat's “City of Oil” is known for its industrial township called Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation (GIDC).

Digboi is known as the Oil City of Assam where the first oil well in Asia was drilled. The first refinery was started here as early as 1901.

Naharkatia (also spelled as Naharkatia or Nahorkatiya) is a town and a town area committee in Dibrugarh district in the Indian state of Assam. It is well known for its petroleum and gas reserves. Earlier, Duliajan, the head office town of Oil India Limited was in its circle.

Kohima was originally known as Kewhira, It is called after the wild flowering plant Kewhi, found in the mountains.

So cities other than Kohima are associated with oil/petroleum.

Petroleum refinery is located in Barauni in the state of Bihar. It was built in collaboration with Soviet Union. It was started in July 1964.

• First oil refinery in India was set up in Digboi, a town in Tinsukia district of Assam. Digboi is also known as oil city. Oil refinery here was started in and around 1901.
  
• Present day, though the crude production is not high, Digboi has the distinction of being India's oldest oilfield. Digboi refinery which is now a division of Indian Oil Corporation, has a capacity of about 0.65 MMTPA as of 2003.
  

Sudden movements of the earth can be noticed during the eruption of a volcano. Sudden movements, caused by sudden endogenetic forces coming from deep within the earth, cause such sudden and rapid events that these cause massive destruction at and below the earth's surface. These forces work very quickly and their results are seen within minutes.

Mud flows are a flowage of water-saturated earth material possessing a high degree of fluidity during movement. A less-saturated flowing mass is often called a debris flow. A mudflow originating on the flank of a volcano which generally flows through the surface of the Earth.

• Magma, when comes out on the surface of the earth through the volcanic opening, is called lava, hence option C is correct.
• The vent is the volcanic opening on earth's surface.
• Cone is the structure of the volcano formed as a heap of cooled materials that come out of volcanic eruptions
• The magma chamber is the pool of magma beneath the surface of the earth.

The highest active volcano in the world is Ojos del Salado on the Chile-Argentina border in the Central Andes. It rises to 6887 m / 22,595 ft. It has not erupted in recorded history but is an active volcano.

Volcanic crater is a circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity. It's typically a basin, circular in form within which occurs a vent from which magma erupts as gases, lava, and ejecta. A crater can be of large dimensions, and sometimes of great depth.

Volcanic activity frequently occurs at the boundaries of the Earth's tectonic plates which are a series of large moving blocks. The movement of these plates plays a significant role in the type of volcano formed, which influences its shape. If the movement is smaller, they leads to volcanic eruptions. Larger movements may lead to earthquakes.