Tag: geography

Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) is a systematic approach to identifying, assessing and reducing the risks of disaster. It aims to reduce socio-economic vulnerabilities to disaster as well as dealing with the environmental and other hazards that tiggers them.

Disaster management preparation is a comprehensive process that requires information, identification of risks, planning, and community involvement.

India’s hierarchical disaster management structure, it is essential to ensure that measures taken at the local, district, state, and national levels are all integrated and coordinated with one another. As villages, cities and towns are the sites of all disaster management actions, it is even more imperative to ensure that the district, state and national-level programs are properly linked with their everyday processes and activities. On some of the matters the activities must be coordinated at all levels. The Panchayati Raj stays at the lowest most point in the Hierarchy System concerned to the villages and local taalukas.

The Chairperson of District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA) will be the Collector or District Magistrate or Deputy Commissioner of the district. The elected representative of the area is member of the DDMA as an ex officio co-Chairperson.

Preparedness is the cornerstone of effective disaster management, as it allows for a faster and more organized response when a disaster occurs.

According to the Disaster Management Act of 2005, the State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) is chaired by the Chief Minister of the state.

The Disaster Management Act was passed on 23rd December 2005 by the Rajya Sabha. The Act provides for "the effective management of disasters and for matters connected there with or incidental thereto."

Disaster management is a cycle that includes mitigation (before), emergency response (during), and reconstruction/rehabilitation (after).

B.  BDO

As the head of the Block administration, Block Development Officer plays a very significant role in the implementation of Disaster Management operations like Preparedness, Prevention and Mitigation. As the main functionary of the Block administration, he will act in the following sectors:

1. Monitoring of functioning of all kinds of Disaster Management operations in his area and sending report to the Sub Divisional Officer and other higher authorities,
2. To monitor the functioning of all committees related to Disaster Management at the Panchayat Samity and Gram Panchayat level,
3. To visit every part of his area and to see that the social assistance measures are promptly, properly & effectively given to disaster victims whenever required and make periodical routine examination/assessment of the socio-economic status of his area,
4. To make assessment of fund required for infrastructural reconstruction after any disaster,
5. Will maintain all the accounts of the Disaster Management operations that have to be started during any natural calamity,She/he will prepare Block Disaster Management Plan every year and also revise it from year to year.
6. She/he will undertake preparedness, mitigation and rehabilitation measurers every year.She/he will keep the Block level India Disaster Resource Network updated every year.
7. After every calamity, s/he will prepare and send preliminary report in CAII form to the Sub Divisional Officer at once.

The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is the apex body for disaster management in India, and it is chaired by the Prime Minister.