Geography ยท General Awareness
World Languages and Geography
2,320 Questions
World languages and geography explore the distribution of major language families, official languages, and native speakers across different continents. The questions cover linguistic demographics in Africa, Europe, and the Americas. This topic is frequently asked in UPSC, SSC, and State PSC general studies papers.
Official languagesLanguage familiesWidely spoken languagesRegional languagesLinguistic geography
World Languages and Geography Questions
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9th - 14th century
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19th century - to now
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300 BC - 1000 AD
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17th - 20th Century
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Old Cornish was a Celtic language spoken in Cornwall from approximately the 9th to the 14th century. It evolved into Middle Cornish and eventually became extinct as a community language, though modern Cornish has been revived. Options B, C, and D cover incorrect time periods for Old Cornish specifically.
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Siberia
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Persia
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Egypt
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Harrapa
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Omok is a Yeniseian language that was spoken in Siberia, specifically in the Yenisei River region of central Siberia. It is part of the Yeniseian language family, most of whose languages are now extinct. The Yeniseian family is notable for being unrelated to other major language families.
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English
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Flemish
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bahamish
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Amharic
A
Correct answer
Explanation
English is the official language of the Bahamas, a legacy of its history as a British colony. While a local dialect known as Bahamian Creole is widely spoken, 'Bahamish' is not a recognized language name. Flemish is spoken in Belgium, and Amharic is the official language of Ethiopia.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Farsi, also known as Persian, is the official and most widely spoken native language of Iran. While Arabic is used for religious purposes and Urdu is the national language of Pakistan, Farsi is the primary tongue of the Iranian population. Mori is not a major language associated with the region.
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Siberia
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Persia
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Egypt
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Harrapa
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Omok is an extinct Yukaghir language that was spoken in the lower Kolyma river valley in Siberia. It became extinct around the 19th century. It is unrelated to the ancient civilizations of Persia, Egypt, or Harappa.
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Netherland
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Poland
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Denmark
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Germany
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Deutsch is the German language word for the German language, spoken primarily in Germany. It's also spoken in Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and Liechtenstein. The question uses the parallel structure: Spanish is to Spain as Deutsch is to Germany. The Netherlands speaks Dutch, Poland speaks Polish, and Denmark speaks Danish.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Russian has the most native speakers in Europe due to Russia's large population. German is the most widely spoken first language in the European Union. English, while extremely common as a second language, does not have the most native speakers on the continent.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
London is one of the most linguistically diverse cities in the world, with approximately 193 languages spoken according to official surveys. This reflects its status as a global hub with communities from across the globe.
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Sanskrit
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English
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German
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French
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Sanskrit is historically recognized as the root of many Indo-European languages. Linguistic studies show Sanskrit shares systematic connections with Greek, Latin, and other European languages, supporting its classification as a 'mother' language in the Indo-European family.
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Hibrew
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Aramic
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English
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French
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Jesus Christ spoke Aramaic as his mother tongue during his lifetime in first-century Palestine. Aramaic was the common language of the region during that period. Hebrew was primarily used in religious contexts, Greek was common in the eastern Roman Empire, and French developed much later in Europe.
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Yes, a surprisingly high number
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Yes, a few
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No
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Yes, but just a single one
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Yes, a few English names derive from Old Persian, such as Darius, Roxana, and Esther. These came through historical interactions (Persian Empire, Greek intermediaries, Biblical texts). However, the number is quite small compared to names from Latin, Germanic, or Hebrew origins.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
'Tora' is the Japanese word for tiger. 'Ushi' means cow, 'tori' means bird, and 'kuma' means bear. The word 'tora' is famously known from the movie title 'Tora! Tora! Tora!' about the Pearl Harbor attack, meaning 'Tiger! Tiger! Tiger!'
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Hindi
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French
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English
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German
C
Correct answer
Explanation
English is widely considered the language with the richest vocabulary, largely due to its history of absorbing words from Latin, French, German, and many other languages it encountered globally.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
While estimates vary, linguists generally identify between 6,000 and 7,000 distinct languages. However, if including all major dialects and sub-dialects, some historical encyclopedias cited higher figures like 9,000, which is the intended answer here.
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Spanish
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Russian
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Arabic
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German
B
Correct answer
Explanation
David Jones speaks Russian fluently in addition to English, which is fitting for a former SAS officer involved in international operations. This language skill is relevant to many missions in the IGI series set in Russian-speaking territories. The other languages are not mentioned as his fluent languages.