World History

Bonnie Prince Charlie landed in Scotland in July 1745 to join the second Jacobite rebellion. He made his way to Glenfinnan and called for the Scots to support his rebellion. He gained support from some Scottish clans and soon had an army of about 4000 men.

Option A - Pope Clement denied an annulment mainly because Catherine's nephew, Emperor Charles V of Spain, had laid siege to Rome and essentially was holding the Pope as prisoner. Thus, the Pope wanted to use Catherine's powerful relationship with the King of Spain to get out of England out trouble.
Thus, option A is CORRECT.
Option B is INCORRECT because Catherine was not related to the King of France.
Option C is INCORRECT because Catherine was not related to the King of Germany.
Option D is INCORRECT because Catherine was not related to the King of Austria. 

Cardinal Thomas Wolsey was the most powerful advisor to Henry VIII during the first half of his reign, serving as Lord Chancellor and managing much of the government.

Henry VIII appointed Thomas Cranmer as the Archbishop of Canterbury. Cranmer granted Henry a divorce from Catherine of Aragon. This allowed Henry to marry Anne Boleyn in 1533. 
Thus, option C is correct. 

The Tudor dynasty began with Henry VII winning the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485 and ended with the death of Elizabeth I in 1603.

In 1637 Charles I and William Laud, the Archbishop of Canterbury, tried to force the Scots to accept a new prayer book. The Scots refused and rebelled against Charles I.

The Scots invaded England in 1637, rebelling against Charles I as he had tried to force a new prayer book on the Scottish Presbyterian kirk. However, the English Parliament refused to support Charles I and therefore, he signed a treaty with the Scots. 
Thus, option B is correct. 

Thomas Cromwell wanted alliances with Protestant countries because Henry VIII was threatened by Catholic countries. Cromwell arranged Henry's marriage with Anne of Cleves. However, she could not provide the king with a male heir. The marriage was a disaster and Cromwell was executed. 
Thus, option D is correct.

Charles I signed a treaty with the Scots after the British Parliament refused to support him. This led to a civil war between Charles I and the parliament during 1642-1649. In 1646, Charles surrendered to the Scots. However, the Scots handed him over to the English Parliament. 
Thus, option C is correct. 

Option A is CORRECT because the civil war between Charles I and the British Parliament began due to the fact that the English Parliament refused to support Charles I in his war against Scotland. 

Option B is INCORRECT because the English Parliament exercised no such control over the King's property. 

Option C is INCORRECT because Charles I had dismissed the Parliament at the beginning of his reign. 

Option D is INCORRECT because options B and C are incorrect. 

• James II became King of England and Scotland in 1685 after the death of Charles II.
  
• James II allowed the Scots to remain independent by allowing them to keep their own Parliament and kirk.
  
• The Glorious Revolution of 1688 was the overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III, Prince of Orange, who was James's nephew and son-in-law.

Charles I was executed by the British Parliament in 1649 after the Scottish and the Royalist forces were defeated at the Battle of Preston in 1648. After his execution, the Scots decided to crown Prince Charles, the son of Charles I, as King of Scotland. 
Thus, option A is correct. 

English king, King William III, was known as William of Orange because he was the sovereign Prince of Orange in the Netherlands. He had replaced James II as King of England in 1688.
Thus, option D is correct.  

Option A is INCORRECT because the Battle of Worcester took place on 3 September 1651 at Worcester, England, and was the final battle of the English Civil War. Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentarian New Model Army, 28,000 strong, defeated King Charles II's 16,000 Royalists, of whom the vast majority were Scottish.

Option B is INCORRECT because the Battle of Waterloo was fought in June 1815 near Waterloo in present-day Belgium then part of the United Kingdom of Netherlands. A French Army under Napoleon Bonaparte was defeated by two of the armies of the Seventh Coalition: a British-led Allied army and a Prussian army.  

Option C is CORRECT because the Battle of Preston (August 1648), fought largely near Preston in Lancashire, resulted in a victory for the New Model Army under the command of Oliver Cromwell over the Royalists and Scots commanded by the Duke of Hamilton.

Option D is INCORRECT because the Battle of Hastings was fought in 1066 between the Norman-French army of William, the Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman conquest of England.