World Geographical Records

The Pacific ocean is the largest ocean of the world having one third of the globe. It extends from the east to west for 16,000 kilometers from the east coast of Asia in the west to the west coast of America in the east and for 14,880 kilometers north to south between Bering Strait in the north to Cape Adre (Antarctica) in the south. Average depth of the ocean is 4,572 meters. The Pacific ocean is more or less uniform broad and extensive sea floor is characterized by several swells, rises, sea mounts and depressions. The ocean has the largest number of islands.

The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest ocean in the world after the Pacific Ocean. It is located between North and South America in the west and Europe and Africa in the east. It covers an area of 82,000-kilometer square which is one-sixth of the geographical area of the globe and half of the area of the Pacific ocean. The Atlantic Ocean was formed due to the drifting of North and South America to the west due to plate tectonic. The "S" shape of the ocean indicates the fact that landmasses on either side were once a contiguous part.

Mid-Atlantic Ridge is located in Atlantic Ocean. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge representing the zone of divergent or constructive plate margins is the most striking relief feature which having "S" shape extends for 14,450 kilometers from Iceland in the North and to Bouvet Island in the South. The ridge is known as Dolphin Rise to the North and Challenger Rise to the south of the Equator. It is known as Wyville Thompson Ridge between Iceland and Scotland. The ridge becomes quite extensive to the south of Greenland and Iceland and is called Telegraphic Plateu because first cabbles were laid down in this area.

Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean in the world. Bounded on all sides by the continents of Asia, America and Europe. The Arctic Ocean has a D- shaped form with an average depth of 3,500m and an area equal to 1/12 of the Pacific Ocean. The Arctic Ocean is mostly frozen and a 15 feet permanent thick ice is found due to which there are difficulties of sounding the bottom.

The Indian ocean is the only ocean named after a country. It is smaller than Pacific and Atlantic Ocean in areal extent. It has Asia in the north, Africa in the west, Asia in the east, Australia in the south east and Antarctica in the south. The Indian subcontinent in the north divided Indian Ocean into Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.The average depth of the ocean is 4,000 meters. Major part of the coastal lands of Indian Ocean formed by the block mountain of Gondoanaland are compact and solid. 

Mid -Atlantic is a submerged mountain range, representing the zone of divergent or constructive plate margins. It is S shaped extends for 14,450 km from Iceland in the north and the Bouvet Iceland in the south. The ridge is known as Dolphin Rise to the north and Challenger Rise to the south of equator. It is known as Wyville Thompson Ridge between Iceland and Scotland. The ridge becomes quite extensive to the south of Greenland and Iceland and called Telegraphic Plateau.

Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the ocean and the deepest location on Earth. It is 11,034 meters (36,201 feet) deep, which is almost 7 miles. Whereas the depth of the pacific ocean is 10,994 meters.

The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world, covering a vast area across North Africa.

The Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred in 1989 in Prince William Sound, Alaska, when the tanker hit Bligh Reef.

Doldrums are regions of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans that have little if any wind. Doldrums are caused by solar radiation from the sun, as sunlight beams down directly on area around the equator. This heating causes the air to warm and rise straight up rather than blow horizontally. The result is little or no wind, sometimes for weeks on end. The Doldrums are located a little north of the equator, but the effects can be felt from 5 degrees north of the equator to 5 degrees south of it. This was a particular problem for sailors in the past when they depended on the winds to propel their ships. It was a problem that could be potentially deadly.

The Kuroshio Current is a major western boundary current controlled by the North Pacific Gyre. It brings warm subtropical waters from the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool to Japan exerting a major control on Asian climate. The Tsushima Current is a Kuroshio offshoot transporting warm water into the Japan Sea.

The Lake Homs Dam in Syria is widely considered the oldest dam still in use, dating back to the Bronze Age. While other ancient dams exist, this is historically recognized as the oldest.

The Three Gorges Dam in China is the world's largest power station in terms of installed capacity. It is a massive hydroelectric gravity dam on the Yangtze River.

The Mariana Trench, located in the western Pacific Ocean, contains the Challenger Deep, which is the deepest known point in Earth's oceans.

Angel Falls in Venezuela is recognized as the world's highest uninterrupted waterfall, with a height of 979 meters.