World Geography and Politics

Fundamental duties in the Indian Constitution (Article 51A) were borrowed from the USSR and added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976. They were inspired by the Soviet Constitution's citizen duties.

The Durand Line is the international border between Pakistan and Afghanistan, established in 1893. It was named after Sir Mortimer Durand, the British diplomat who negotiated the boundary with Afghanistan's Amir. The spelling in option B ('Durad') is a typo but clearly refers to the Durand Line.

United Kingdom is a European country, while China, India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka are all Asian countries. The geographical continent classification makes the UK the odd one out.

The Gurkhas are an ethnic group primarily from Nepal, with significant communities in parts of Northeast India. While Gurkha soldiers serve in various armies including the British and Indian armies, their original homeland and cultural origin is Nepal.

The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) recognizes only five nuclear weapon states: USA, UK, France, China, and USSR/Russia. India never signed the NPT and therefore does not have the treaty-granted right to possess nuclear weapons, though it did develop them independently later.

India is historically known for not invading other countries in its recorded history, though there are debates about ancient kingdoms. The US has invaded multiple countries (e.g., Iraq, Afghanistan), Egypt has been involved in regional conflicts, and Korea has seen invasions and conflicts. India's historical posture has been primarily defensive rather expansionist.

Yugoslavia means 'the land of the Southern Slavs,' referring to the South Slavic peoples who inhabited the region. The country was formed after World War I to unite these Slavic nations, though it eventually dissolved into separate independent countries in the 1990s after ethnic conflicts.

Isaac Newton (physicist), Thomas Hardy (novelist), and Elton John (musician) are all from the United Kingdom. Option D incorrectly includes Madonna (American). Option B lists Americans like Edison and Beyonce. Option C includes Samuel Morse (American).

'Bhinneka Tunggal Ika' is the national motto of Indonesia. This Old Javanese phrase translates to 'Unity in Diversity' and reflects Indonesia's national ideology of unity despite its diverse ethnic, cultural, and religious composition. It was chosen to represent the country's strength through diversity.

The Durand Line is the international border between Pakistan and Afghanistan, established in 1893 through an agreement between Sir Mortimer Durand (British diplomat) and Afghan Amir Abdur Rahman Khan. This 2,670 km border remains a significant geopolitical boundary in South Asia, though it has been contested by various Afghan governments over the years.

Fireworks were invented in China during the Tang Dynasty (around 9th century). Chinese alchemists accidentally discovered gunpowder while trying to create an elixir of immortality, and this led to the development of fireworks. India, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan were not the origin of this invention.

The Durand Line is the international border between Pakistan and Afghanistan, established in 1893. It was named after British diplomat Mortimer Durand who negotiated the agreement with Afghanistan.

Yugoslavia means 'Land of the Southern Slavs' - 'Jug' comes from the Slavic word for 'south'. The country was formed to unite South Slavic peoples after World War I.

Bhutan is known as the 'Land of Thunderbolt' (Druk Yul in Dzongkha, meaning 'Land of the Thunder Dragon'). This refers to the thunderstorms of the Himalayas and the country's Buddhist heritage. Australia, Bahrain, and Kent are not associated with this nickname.

Drukyul is the native name for Bhutan in the Dzongkha language, meaning 'Land of the Thunder Dragon'. Brunei is a separate country in Southeast Asia. Tchad is the French name for Chad in Africa. Bhutia is not a country name.