World Geography and Politics

Taiwan maintains a complex diplomatic status and is recognized as a sovereign state by a small number of countries. The other options are fully recognized sovereign nations.

India was a major part of the British Empire, often referred to as the Jewel in the Crown. It gained independence from Britain (England) in 1947.

Tibet is an autonomous region of western China known for Tibetan Buddhism and historic theocracy under the Dalai Lama. While the question phrasing is imprecise (it's not semi-autonomous in current governance), Tibet is the clear intended answer among Buddhist-majority Himalayan regions.

The Taj Mahal is an ivory-white marble mausoleum located in Agra, India, commissioned by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan.

Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan, located in northern Pakistan. While the phrase 'eastern end of the Islamic world' is geographically imprecise (Pakistan is in South Asia, not the easternmost Islamic region), Pakistan is clearly the intended answer given Islamabad is its capital.

Kashmir is a region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent that has been the subject of a long-standing territorial dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947.

The Indian Independence Act of 1947 partitioned British India into two independent dominions: India and Pakistan. Bangladesh did not become an independent country until 1971.

India and Pakistan have engaged in multiple conflicts over the Kashmir region since the partition of British India in 1947. Both nations claim the territory in full or in part.

The Indian Subcontinent generally includes India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives. Thailand is located in Southeast Asia, not the Indian Subcontinent.

Sri Lanka is an island nation located off the southern coast of India. Bhutan and Bangladesh are land-based countries.

Taiwan is not a member of General Assembly of the U.N.O.

The position of the United Nations is that the People's Republic of China is representing the whole of China as the sole and legitimate representative Government of China. The decision until now about the wish of the people in Taiwan to join the United Nations has been decided on that basis.

During the Cold War, particularly under Indira Gandhi, India maintained a strategic and military partnership with the USSR, culminating in the 1971 Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation.

The partition of British India in 1947 created the independent state of Pakistan as a homeland for Muslims to address religious tensions.

The Tin Bigha Corridor is a strip of land on the India-Bangladesh border that was leased to Bangladesh to provide access to its enclaves.

This racial policy was practiced in South Africa. Under apartheid, nonwhite South Africans (a majority of the population) would be forced to live in separate areas from whites and use separate public facilities, and contact between the two groups would be limited.