World Facts and Geography

Helsinki is the capital and largest city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, it's the country's political, economic, and cultural center.

Kingston is the capital and largest city of Jamaica, located on the southeast coast of the island. It's the cultural and economic heart of Jamaica and home to reggae music.

Suva is the capital city of Fiji, an island nation in the South Pacific. Peru (A) is in South America, Mali (B) is in West Africa, and Chile (D) is in South America.

Brazzaville is the capital of the Republic of the Congo (Congo-Brazzaville). The Democratic Republic of Congo (A) has its capital at Kinshasa, Zambia (C) is a separate southern African nation, and Zaire (D) was the former name of the DRC.

Mother Teresa was born Anjezë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu in Skopje (now the capital of North Macedonia), which was then part of the Ottoman Empire. Her family was of Albanian descent, making Albania her ethnic and cultural birthplace.

Sierra Leone issued the first self-adhesive stamps in 1964, though they were experimental and faced technical issues. Tonga issued self-adhesives in 1963 but they were not technically stamps - they were embossed labels. Australia's first national self-adhesive issue came much later in the 1990s.

Switzerland is correct - the Universal Postal Union (UPU) headquarters has been in Bern, Switzerland since the organization was established in 1874. The UPU coordinates international postal policies among its member countries and Switzerland's neutral location made it an ideal choice.

Australia was indeed the first country to introduce complete plastic polymer banknotes in 1988, commemorating the bicentenary. These were more durable and harder to counterfeit than paper notes. The technology has since been adopted by many countries.

Japan has historically been the largest dental gold fabricator, with around 28% market share. Japan's dental technology industry and gold fabrication for dental applications have been significant globally, with Germany and USA also being major players but Japan leading.

Norway is famously known as the 'Land of the Midnight Sun' because parts of the country located above the Arctic Circle experience continuous daylight during summer months. The sun remains visible even at midnight due to Earth's axial tilt. Japan, Hong Kong, and Australia do not have Arctic territories with this phenomenon.

Both India and South Korea celebrate their independence/liberation on August 15, though in different years (1947 for India, 1945 for South Korea). India gained independence from Britain, while South Korea was liberated from Japanese rule.

The United Kingdom comprises four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Republic of Ireland is an independent nation, Greenland is part of Denmark, and Sandwich Islands are not part of the UK. This is basic political geography.

The Baltic States or Baltic Nations are the three countries of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania located on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea. They gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 and share historical, cultural, and geopolitical ties. Option A lists Central European countries, Option C lists Scandinavian countries, and Option D mixes countries from different regions.

The Vikings originated from the Scandinavian region: present-day Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. These three countries were the core of Viking activity from the late 8th to 11th centuries, with Vikings launching raids, trade expeditions, and colonization from these homelands. The Netherlands was not part of the Viking homeland region.

The Kingdom of the Saxons (an Anglo-Saxon kingdom) was located in what is now England, specifically the southwest and later expanded to cover much of England. The Saxons were one of the Germanic tribes that settled in Britain during the early medieval period. The term 'Saxon' became associated with England (as in Anglo-Saxon). The other options are incorrect: Portugal, France, and Italy were never home to a Saxon kingdom.