Water Conservation and Management

Water present in sea largely consists of salt thus known as saline water which is not fit for human consumption.

Spring is a type of season which comes at the end of winter season and before the starting of summer season. It cannot be a source of surface water.

Water present in natural water bodies on the earth's surface gets evaporated to vapour form and this evaporation takes place by the heating effect of sun rays.

Water is very essential for all life processes on earth. Water is continuously being recycled by the processes of evaporation, condensation to form clouds, precipitation to form rain. Thus water once evaporated again gets recycled on the earth's surface in the form of rain; therefore the ultimate source of water in earth is rain.

Water is present below the earth's surface as an important resource to be stored and preserved and do not get easily evaporated. This water below the earth's surface is known as groundwater which forms the water table.

Water present below the earth's surface as ground water can be fetched by hand pumps which are manually operated to extract water from underground.

Rain water in mountains flows down in the form of streams and rivers. Stream is a body of water with a current confined within a bed and stream banks flowing down from mountains. Rivers is a natural water source flowing towards an ocean, sea or another river originating from mountains.

Open wells are constructed to fetch water present deep inside the earth’s surface in the water table where water, known as groundwater, is stored and preserved for various life processes.

An artesian well flows automatically because water is confined between impermeable layers at pressure. When the well is drilled, hydrostatic pressure forces water up without pumping, sometimes even above ground level. Heavy rainfall, volcanic activity, and geothermal energy are not the primary mechanisms for artesian flow.

This is the correct option. Meteoric water, condensational water, connate water and juvenile water - all are the source of ground water.

1, 3 and 4 only

Canals have historically been the largest source of irrigation in India by area covered, especially since the British colonial period when major canal systems were constructed. While tubewells have gained significant importance in recent decades, canals still irrigate the largest total area nationwide. This is particularly true in states like Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh with extensive canal networks.

Irrigation is the agricultural practice of artificially supplying water to crops at regular intervals through channels, pipes, or other means. Drill is a sowing method, waterlogging is excess water condition, and transplantation is moving seedlings.

Among the given options, rivers are the primary source of freshwater used for household water supply through treatment and distribution systems. Ponds are too small-scale, while oceans and seas contain saltwater that requires extensive desalination and are not direct household water sources.