Verbal Analogies

Shopkeeper, Doctor, and Lawyer are professionals who provide services to people (Customer, Patient, Client). A Clerk is a professional, but a File is an inanimate object rather than a person being served.

 Option (3) is correct.

In pairs A, C, and D, the first word represents an action or condition that leads to the second word as a result. In pair B, the relationship is different because advocacy is the process of pleading a case that eventually leads to a judgement. Therefore, Judgement: Advocacy does not share the same cause-effect sequence as the others.

 Option (3) is correct.

A condolence is an expression of sympathy typically offered to someone who has experienced a loss. In the same way, a congratulation is an expression of praise or joy offered to someone for an achievement. Both pairs show a specific social response to a life event.

 Second is the tool used by the first

Indolence is a state of laziness or the avoidance of work. Being taciturn is the trait of being reserved or avoiding speaking. Both terms describe a person's tendency to abstain from a particular action.

Socrates, the Greek philosopher, was famously executed by being forced to drink poison (hemlock). Similarly, Jesus is historically and religiously known for being executed by crucifixion. This analogy links a historical figure to their specific method of execution.

Sap is the vital fluid that circulates through the tissues of a plant or leaf. Similarly, marrow is the soft, fatty substance found in the cavities of bones. Both pairs represent a structural part and the essential substance found within it.

The Charminar is a famous historical monument located in India. Similarly, the Sphinx is an iconic ancient monument located in Egypt. This analogy relates a specific landmark to the country in which it is situated.

Rickets is a bone-softening disease that primarily affects children due to vitamin D deficiency. Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become brittle and fragile, which most commonly affects adult females, particularly after menopause. While it can affect others, the demographic link is the strongest here.

Deafness is the physiological inability to hear. Similarly, the term 'dumb' has historically been used to describe the physiological inability to speak. While 'mute' is more common in modern usage, 'dumb' is the traditional counterpart in this analogy.

 Sword is related to Slaughter in the same way as Scalpel is related to Surgery.

In all the other pairs, the second word is the capital of the first word (country). 

In all the other pairs, the words are antonyms. But long and high are not antonyms.