Verbal Analogies

BYWORD: AXIOM appear to be related as both being sayings/proverbs, though byword means a proverb or bygone saying, while axiom is a self-evident truth. APOTHEGM: ADAGE correctly maintains this relationship, as both are terms for proverbial sayings or wise maxims. Option C correctly identifies this relationship.

Demur means to raise objections or hesitate, while persevere means to persist despite difficulties. The relationship is 'to hesitate/object: to persist'. Similarly, intermittent means occurring at intervals (stopping), while incessant means continuing without pause (persisting).

Amelioration means to make something better or more tolerable (to soften/reduce severity). Acceleration means to increase speed or intensity (to strengthen/intensify). The relationship is 'to soften/reduce: to intensify'. Similarly, assuage means to soothe or relieve, while intensify means to make stronger.

A pamphlet is a brief, unbound publication, while a tome is a large, heavy book. The relationship is 'short/small work: long/substantial work'. Similarly, a sonnet is a short 14-line poem, while an epic is a lengthy narrative poem.

An oast is a kiln or drying house used for drying hops (used in brewing beer). The relationship is 'specialized structure: material it processes'. Similarly, a kiln is an oven used for firing porcelain and ceramics.

Dogmatic means excessively assertive in laying down principles, while magisterial means authoritative or commanding. Both words describe an overbearing, authoritative manner. Similarly, egregious means outstandingly bad or shocking, while notorious means widely known for something unfavorable - both describe negative qualities that stand out.

A centimo is a subdivision of currency (like a cent), while a peseta is the former currency of Spain. The relationship is 'subdivision unit: main currency unit'. Similarly, a centavo is a subdivision of a peso (used in Philippines and several Latin American countries).

Insomnia is the inability to sleep (a disorder related to sleep). The relationship is 'disorder: normal function'. Similarly, bulimia is an eating disorder involving appetite and food consumption (dysregulation of normal appetite).

An aardvark is an animal known for eating ants. The relationship is 'animal: its primary food source'. Similarly, a tapir is a mammal that primarily eats plants.

Mutualism is a specific type of symbiosis (is-a relationship: mutualism IS symbiosis). Similarly, syllogism is a type of deductive reasoning. The other options are wrong because: Euphemism relates to substituting mild expressions for harsh ones (not phonetics), and the other options contain misspellings or incorrect categorizations.

The analogy attempts to show 'tool:context of use' relationship - abacus is associated with Montessori education, and calculator is associated with office work. However, this is a weak analogy because Montessori is a specific educational method while 'office' is a physical place/setting. The categories don't align perfectly.

 Soup is the first course of a meal, and dessert is the last course. The relationship is that of beginning and end. Option 3 agrees with this relationship. Sunlight appears at the start of day, and twilight appears at night.

 Rain make up a river, the same relationship is seen in stars:sky. 

 The relationship is in reference to space, i.e one is above in space, and the other is below in space. The same relationship is present in option 5.

 Both the words are synonyms. Innocuous and harmless have the same meaning. All the options have opposite words except option 4.