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Textile and Fiber Materials

2,761 Questions

Textile and fiber materials questions cover the properties, sources, and applications of natural and synthetic fabrics. Topics include moisture wicking sportswear, plant fibers, and natural dyes. This subject appears in general science sections of various competitive exams and requires practical material knowledge.

Synthetic fiber propertiesNatural plant fibersFabric draping and materialsNatural dyes in textilesApparel and sportswear materials

Textile and Fiber Materials Questions

Multiple choice chemistry substances in daily use rayon and nylon synthetic fibres synthetic fibres or threads polyester and acrylic

Which of the following statement is true?

  1. A nylon thread is stronger than a steel wire

  2. Rayon is a natural fibre made from wood pulp

  3. Cotton is not a polymer

  4. Fabric made from polyester can get wrinkles easily
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A. Nylon thread is stronger than steel wire because nylon fibre is made up of strong amide linkages which gives it strength.

B. Rayon is a regenerated fibre so it is not natural.

C. Cotton is a polymer of cellulose.

D. Polyester materials are wrinkle-free.

Multiple choice chemistry substances in daily use rayon and nylon synthetic fibres synthetic fibres or threads polyester and acrylic

A silk saree and a nylon saree, both of same length are put to dry under sun. Which one will dry faster?

  1. Silk saree

  2. Nylon saree

  3. Both will take same time

  4. Depends on weather condition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Nylon has various characteristics like a higher impact resistance, a more rapid moisture absorption, greater elasticity and elastic recovery. Nylon absorbs moisture readily as compared to silk so nylon saree dries up faster than silk saree in the sun.

Multiple choice chemistry substances in daily use rayon and nylon synthetic fibres synthetic fibres or threads polyester and acrylic

Rayon is different from synthetic fibres because :

  1. it has a silk appearance

  2. it is obtained from wood pulp

  3. it can also be woven like those of natural fibres

  4. it is natural
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Rayon is manufactured regenerated cellulose fiber. It is made from purified cellulose from wood pulp which is converted into soluble compound which is chemically solidified to form synthetic fiber. Because rayon is manufactured from naturally occurring polymers, it is considered a semi-synthetic fiber.

Multiple choice chemistry substances in daily use rayon and nylon synthetic fibres synthetic fibres or threads polyester and acrylic

Read the following statement and mark the correct answer.


I. Artificially prepared synthetic fibre which resembles silk is known as terylene.
II. Rayon is not considered as a synthetic fibre as it is regenerated from cellulose.
III. PET bottles and jars are made up of polyesters. 

  1. Statement I is false, II and III are true

  2. Statement I is true, II and III are false

  3. Statement I and II are false, III is true

  4. Statement II is true, I and II are false
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Terylene is a polyester, not a silk-like synthetic fiber (which is usually rayon or nylon). Rayon is regenerated cellulose, and PET is a type of polyester, making statements II and III true.

Multiple choice chemistry substances in daily use rayon and nylon synthetic fibres synthetic fibres or threads polyester and acrylic

The fibre obtained from cellulose is:

  1. polyester

  2. nylon

  3. acrylic

  4. rayon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The fibre obtained from cellulose is rayon.


Because of the reconversion of the soluble compound to cellulose, rayon is referred to as a regenerated cellulose fibre. 

There are several types of rayon fibers in commercial use today, named according to the process by which the cellulose is converted to the soluble form and then regenerated.

Thus, option $D$ is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry substances in daily use rayon and nylon synthetic fibres synthetic fibres or threads polyester and acrylic

The material similar to silk in appearance is :

  1. nylon

  2. rayon

  3. polyester

  4. terylene
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The material similar to silk in appearance is rayon. 

Since rayon resembles silk in appearance, it is called artificial silk.

It is a man-made fibre obtained from a natural source wood pulp.

Hence the correct option is B.
Multiple choice special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

Which of the following is a surface fibre?

  1. Flax

  2. Cotton

  3. Sunn hemp

  4. Manila hemp
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fibre that grows in a boll or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the family of Malvaceae. The fibre is almost pure cellulose. Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will tend to increase the dispersion of the seeds. Cotton is a seed hair fibre produced from epidermal seed coat. Flax fibres are taken from the stem of the plant and are two to three times as strong as those of cotton. Sunn hemp is a bast fibre. Manila hemp fibres are obtained from leaf and stems. 
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice special tissues plant tissues plant tissues - internal morphology and anatomy anatomy of flowering plants biology

Which of the following is a surface fiber?

  1. Flax

  2. Cotton

  3. Sunn hemp

  4. Manila hemp
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The textile fibers are grouped as surface, soft and hard fibers.  

Cotton is the surface fiber of Gossypium. It is extracted from mature capsule of cotton plant. 
Flax is soft fiber of Linum usitatissimum. It is less elastic than cotton and is used in textile industries. 
Manila hemp is buff coloured hard fiber, which is obtained from leaf sheath of Musa taxtilis and is used in pulp industry. 
Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) is a legume, which yields soft, lignified fibers from its stem, which is utilized in the manufacturing of pulp and paper.