Textile and Fiber Materials

Jute was historically called the golden fiber of the Indian subcontinent due to its golden color and economic importance. India and Bangladesh were major producers. Cotton, wool, and natural silk are other important fibers but were never called golden fiber.

Modal is a cellulose fiber made by spinning reconstituted cellulose from beech trees. It is about 50% more hygroscopic (water-absorbent) per unit volume than cotton. It takes dye like cotton, and is colour-fast when washed in warm water. Modal is essentially a variety of rayon. Textiles made from modal are resistant to shrinkage and fading, but prone to stretching and pilling.

Chiengora is a yarn or wool spun from dog hair. It is up to 80% warmer than wool and is not elastic. Often chiengora is blended with wool during the carding process. This blend has some give to it, which is preferable when knitting. It is also often blended with wool in order to create a yarn with less heat insulation.

Yes, jute fibres are bast (phloem) fibres anatomically.

DDT is a chemical which is used for killing insects and synthetic fiber is  not an organic material. Hence these cannot undergo rotting. Therefore, (3) is correct answer.

 Decomposition refers to the breakdown of complex substances into simple ones. Different substances take different time period for the same process. Vegetables and fruit peels take about a week or two for  the same, while cotton and woollen clothes take longer. But, paper will be decomposed within a few days only. 

Rayon, cotton and jute are obtained from the plants that have major component as cellulose. But, nylon is a synthetic fiber and therefore, does not contain cellulose.

Natural fibres are the fibres, which are obtained from some natural source. It can either be a plant or an animal source. For example, cotton is a natural fibre, which is obtained from cotton plant whereas wool being again a natural fibre is obtained from sheep. 

 Synthetic fibers are the fibers, which do not occur naturally. They are prepared synthetically by man. Natural fibers are the fibers, which are prepared from a natural source. Polymer is a large single unit formed by the combination of many small natural and/or synthetic monomer units. Monomer is the small repeating unit, which forms polymer. 

Necklace is a collection of many small similar beads joined together to form a single big necklace. Synthetic fibres are polymers made up of many small repeating units called monomers. So, both possess a chain of small units that are combined together to form a polymer.

Rayon is also known as artificial silk because many of its properties are similar to that of natural silk fibre.

Rayon or artificial silk is used to make bed sheets and carpets by mixing it with another natural fibres; cotton and wool, respectively. Also, it can take up a variety of colours. Silk is a naturally obtained fibre and is not obtained by mixing rayon with silk.

Cotton, wool and silk fibres are obtained from cotton plant, sheep and silkworm, respectively. It means that they are obtained from natural resources. But, nylon is prepared by the use of chemicals. So, it is not a natural fibre.

 Rayon is a synthetic fiber, which shares its many properties with a natural fiber silk. That is why it is also known as artificial silk. 

 Rayon is a synthetic fiber, which is artificially synthesized. It resembles silk in many of its properties and therefore, it is also known as artificial silk. A natural fiber is the one, which is obtained and prepared from a plant or an animal source. As rayon is a synthetic fiber; natural fiber cannot be the correct name for rayon.