Chemistry · Science General

States of Matter

2,682 Questions

States of matter questions explore physical changes, evaporation, phase transitions, and the properties of liquids and gases. Topics cover density, cryosurgery, heavy water, and electrolytes. This foundational chemistry topic frequently appears in general science sections of SSC and railway exams.

Phase change mechanismsEvaporation and temperature effectsProperties of liquidsPhysical versus chemical changesElectrolytes and heavy water

States of Matter Questions

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. Due to high heat capacity of clinical thermometer, it measures change in body temperature.
  2. Leaching is the process of extracting minerals from a solid by dissolving them in a liquid.

Which of the given statements is/are correct?

  1. Only (1)

  2. Only (2)

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. Neither (1) nor (2)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (1) is wrong. Clinical thermometer has low heat capacity, i.e. mercury (present in thermometer) has less specific heat to warm up. Therefore, thermometer measures even the small change in body temperature. Statement (2) is correct. Yes, leaching is the process of extracting minerals from a solid by dissolving them in a liquid. Uranium and gold are extracted from their ores by chemical leaching.

Multiple choice

If some droplets of water are poured into a pan of boiling vegetable oil, something is spilt out. Which of the following statements is/are correct? (1) The boiling point of oil is lower than the boiling of water. (2) The vapour of oil spills out the droplets of water. (3) The drop of water vaporizes in the pan of oil and spills out some oil.

  1. Only (1)

  2. Only (3)

  3. Only (1) and (2)

  4. Only (1) and (3)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (1) is incorrect. The boiling point of vegetable oil is high as compared to that of water. Statement (2) is incorrect. As boiling point of water is low, it changes into water vapours and increases the density of oil. Statement (3) is correct. The water droplets vaporise and leave the oil behind in the pan.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements about solid carbon dioxide is/are correct?

  1. It is used in theatres to give special effects.
  2. It is extremely a cold substance.
  3. It is used to freeze food and to keep ice-cream cold.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 1 and 2

  4. All 1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (1) is correct. Solid carbon dioxide is used in theaters to give special effects.

Statement (2) is correct. Solid carbon dioxide or dry ice is extremely cold. Its approx. temperature is -109.3°F or -78.5°C. Statement (3) is correct. Solid carbon dioxide is used to freeze food and to keep ice cream cold because of its existence in extremely low temperature.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. When an open bottle of scent is kept in a corner of the room, its fragrance can be sensed in the entire room. This is due to the phenomenon of diffusion.
  2. When a solid is changed to gas without melting, the process is called vapourisation.

Which of the given statements is/are correct?

  1. Only (1)

  2. Only (2)

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. Neither (1) nor (2)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (1) is correct. When an open bottle of scent is kept in a corner of the room, its odour is felt in all the corners. This is due to the phenomenon of diffusion. The movement of particles from its higher concentration to its lower concentration is called diffusion. Statement (2) is incorrect. Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid phase to the gas phase without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. During the conversion of solids into liquids and liquids into gases, the temperature remains constant.
  2. One cc of iron rod is heavier than one cc of chalk. Which of the given statements is/are correct?

  1. Only (1)

  2. Only (2)

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. Neither (1) nor (2)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (1) is correct. The molecules of solids have the maximum force of attraction among them. For the conversion of solid into liquid, the given heat is used to break the strong bonds between them. Statement (2) is also correct. Iron rod is heavier because the space between the particles of iron is very less, comparatively to the space between the particles of chalk.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements: (1) At cold surface of glass, oxygen and hydrogen in air reacts to form water. (2) Water in the glass comes on the outer surface. (3) Water vapours in air, on contact with cold surface, lose energy and get converted into liquid state.

Which of the statements justify/justifies the condensation of water droplets at the outer surface of glass containing cold water?

  1. Only (1)

  2. Only (3)

  3. Only (1) and (2)

  4. Only (1) and (3)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The correct reason for the condensation of water droplets at the outer surface of glass containing cold water is the loss of KE of water molecules, when come in contact with cold surface.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements: (1) Out of milk, jam and ammonia gas, ammonia diffuses the fastest in water. (2) Out of milk, jam and ammonia gas, the particles of ammonia have the maximum kinetic energy.

Which of the statements given above is/are true?

  1. Only (1)

  2. Only (2)

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. Neither (1) nor (2)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement (i) is correct. Gases have high diffusing capability as compared to solid and liquid forms. Statement (ii) is correct. Gases have high KE due to large intermolecular spaces.

Multiple choice

In which of the following cases does water (liquid) change to ice (solid) form? (1) Increase in pressure (2) Decrease in pressure (3) Increase in surface tension (4) Decrease in surface tension

  1. Only (1)

  2. Only (2)

  3. Only (1) and (3)

  4. Only (1) and (4)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

(a) With the increase in pressure, the water molecules come closer to each other and solidify. (b) With increase in surface tension of water, it leads to freezing by compressing the molecules of water.

Multiple choice

Match the followings ||| |---|---| |1. Sugar|A. Floats on the water| |2. Sand |B. Sinks in the water| |3. Ice |C. Not soluble in water| |4. Stone |D. Dissolves in water|

  1. 1 - B, 2 - A, 3 - C, 4 - D

  2. 1 - D, 2 - C, 3 - A, 4 - B

  3. 1 - C, 2 - A, 3 - D, 4 - B

  4. 1 - A, 2 - B, 3 - C, 4 - D

  5. 1 - D, 2 - C, 3 - B, 4 - A
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as Sugar is dissovlves in the water, Sand is not soluble in water, Ice floats on the water and Stone sinks in water. 

Multiple choice

Ramesh filled his water bottle with hot water and closed its cap tightly. His bottle got distorted when he washed it with cold water. Which of the following is the correct reason behind this?

  1. Pressure inside bottle is lower than outer pressure

  2. Pressure inside bottle is greater than outer pressure

  3. Pressure inside bottle is equal to outer pressure

  4. There is no air inside

  5. The hot water inside the bottle melts and distorts the bottle walls.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is correct. When boiled water is filled in the water bottle and its mouth is closed,  followed by cold water being poured over it, the bottle gets distorted. This happens because air inside the can gets condensed and creates low pressure. The high pressure from outside distorts the shape of the bottle.