Biology · General Awareness

Skeletal and Muscular System

1,141 Questions

The skeletal and muscular system is a core topic in human biology. It covers the structure and function of bones, joints, and muscles. These concepts frequently appear in general science sections of various competitive exams. Master this topic to score higher.

Types of jointsHuman body bonesSkeletal fracturesMuscle anatomy

Skeletal and Muscular System Questions

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Epiphyseal disks, which are present at the ends of the long bones are responsible for

  1. Bone elongation

  2. Growth of thickness of the bone

  3. Remodelling the shape of bone

  4. Formation of Haversian system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

At the ends of each long bone are present epiphyses which are covered with hyaline cartilage. The longitudinal growth of long bones is due to the endochondral ossification of the epiphyseal plate and is stimulated by the production of the growth hormone.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

What is the term used for the opening or hole in a bone?

  1. Process

  2. Fossa

  3. Foramen

  4. Tubercle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The foramen is the hole is an opening or groove in the bone that allows blood vessels and nerve to enter the bone. It i1s one of the several ovals or circular openings in the base of the skull.

So, the correct option is 'Foramen'.

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Total number of bones in axial skeleton of man are

  1. 206

  2. 120

  3. 406

  4. 80
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The axial skeleton is the part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate.

It consists of 80 bones and is composed of six parts; the skull bones, the ossicles of the middle ear, the hyoid bone, the rib cage, sternum and the vertebral column.
Skull has 28 bones - 8 cranial bones, 14 facial bones and 6 ossicles of middle ear.
Hyoid is single bone.
Vertebral column consists of 26 bones - 7 cervical vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, 5 lumbar vertebrae, 1 sacrum and 1 coccyx.
Thoracic cage consists of 1 sternum and 24 ribs. 
So, the correct answer is '80'

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Thoracic cage in rabbit is made up of

  1. Ribs, vertebral column and diaphragm.

  2. Ribs, diaphragm and sternum.

  3. Vertebral column, diaphragm and sternum.

  4. Ribs, vertebral column and sternum.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In mammals, like rabbit and humans thoracic vertebrae, ribs and sternum together form the rib cage. In humans, the rib cage, also known as the thoracic cage, is a bony and cartilaginous structure which surrounds the thoracic cavity and supports the pectoral girdle (shoulder girdle), forming a core portion of the human skeleton. A typical human rib cage consists of 24 ribs, the sternum (with xiphoid process), costal cartilages, and the 12 thoracic vertebrae. 

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Scapula is a large triangular flat bone situated in the dorsal part of the thorax between

  1. The second and fifth rib

  2. The second and seventh rib

  3. The third and sixth rib

  4. The third and eighth rib

  5. The fourth and seventh rib
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The scapula is commonly referred to as the shoulder blade. It connects the humerus bone of the arm to the collarbone. It is located between the second and seventh ribs. 

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

The number of vertebrae present in cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccyx regions respectively in a child are

  1. 12, 7, 5, 1, 1

  2. 1, 7, 5, 12, 1

  3. 7, 5, 1, 12, 1

  4. 7, 12, 5, 5, 4

  5. 5, 12, 7, 1, 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vertebral column is part of the axial skeleton. It is the flexible column extending from neck to tail.

The human vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae. These are divided into different regions, which correspond to the curves of the spinal column. The vertebrae are numbered and divided into regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx.
Cervical: The 7 cervical vertebrae are numbered C1 to C7 in neck. Its function is to support the weight of the head.
Thoracic: The 12 thoracic vertebrae are numbered T1 to T12. Main function of the thoracic spine is to hold the rib cage and protect the heart and lungs.
Lumbar: The 5 lumbar vertebrae are numbered L1 to L5. Main function of the lumbar spine is to bear the weight of the body.
Sacrum: There are 5 sacral vertebrae, which are fused together. Main function of the sacrum is to connect the spine to the hip bones.
Coccyx: The 4 fused bones of the coccyx provide attachment for ligaments and muscles of the pelvic floor. 
Therefore the number of vertebrae present in cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccyx regions respectively are 7, 12, 5, 5, 4.
So, the correct answer is '7,12,5,5,4.

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Sacrum in human is formed by the fusion of

  1. 3 vertebrae

  2. 5 vertebrae

  3. 8 vertebrae

  4. 6 vertebrae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The sacrum is a part of the vertebral column. It is formed by the fusion of 5 bones. It is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine. The main function of the sacrum is to connect the spine to the hip bones (iliac). The sacrum is a very strong bone that supports the weight of the upper body as it is spread across the pelvis and into the legs. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

The peculiarity of cervical vertebrae is

  1. Odontoid process

  2. Large spine

  3. Large centrum

  4. Transverse arterial canals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In human beings, the cervical vertebrae comprise of the vertebrae of the neck, immediately below the skull. This is the smallest of the true vertebrae, and the distinguishing feature is the presence of a foramen or hole in each transverse process and through which the vertebral artery passes.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Which of these are typical cervical vertebrae?

  1. 1, 2, 7

  2. 5, 6, 7

  3. 1, 2, 3

  4. 4, 5, 6

  5. 3, 4, 5, 6
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation
  • The cervical spine is made up of 7 vertebrae. The first 2, C1 and C2, are highly specialized and are given unique names: atlas and axis, respectively. C3-C7 are more classic vertebrae, having a body, pedicles, laminae, spinous processes, and facet joints.
  • The typical cervical vertebrae are $C3, C4, C5, and C6$. The atypical cervical vertebrae are C1 – Atlas, C2 – Axis, and C7 – vertebra. The key difference between typical and atypical vertebrae is that typical vertebrae consist of all basic components of a vertebra while atypical vertebrae are the vertebrae that have modified structure due to their position and function.
  • Hence 3, 4, 5, 6 are typical cervical vertebrae.
  • So,the correct answer is '3,4,5,6'.
Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Consider the following statements.
I. In man, vertebral column has 33 bones organised as 26 bones.
II. The pelvic girdle is made up of three fused bones only.
III. Osteoporosis is characterised by deterioration of the bone due to deficiency of phosphorous.

  1. I alone is correct

  2. II alone is correct

  3. III alone is incorrect

  4. I alone is incorrect

  5. II alone is incorrect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Osteoporosis is a bone disease that occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both. As a result, bones become weak and may break from a fall or, in serious cases, from sneezing or minor bumps. Osteoporosis means “porous bone.”
  • Osteoporosis can be caused due to deficiency of vitamin D, while osteomalacia is caused by a deficiency in calcium and phosphorus. 
  • Hence Osteoporosis is characterized by deterioration of the bone due to deficiency of phosphorous is an incorrect statement.
  • So, the correct answer is 'III alone is incorrect'.
Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Bifurcated spinous process is present in

  1. All cervical vertebrae

  2. Second and Sixth cervical vertebrae

  3. All thoracic vertebrae

  4. First and seventh cervical vertebrae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • The spinous process extends posteriorly, or rearward, from the laminae of the vertebra, and is a point of attachment for several muscles, ligaments, and fasciae. 
  • In cervical vertebrae C2 through C6, there exists a common variation of bifurcation. A spinous process is considered bifurcated when a small 'split' occurs at the distal end.
  • ​The bifurcation allows for the nuchal ligament to fall centrally which allows the cervical musculature to attach jointly to this strong ligament, as well as the spinous process without interference at the bony insertion.
  • Hence the Bifurcated spinous process is present in second and Sixth cervical vertebrae.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Second and Sixth cervical vertebrae'.
Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Pick up the correct match for number of bones.
1. Sternum ------ (i) 14
2. Ribs       ------ (ii) 1
3. Pelvis     ------ (iii) 24
4. Face       ------ (iv) 3

  1. 1- (ii), 2- (iii), 3- (iv), 4- (i)

  2. 1- (ii), 2- (iii), 3- (i), 4- (iv)

  3. 1- (iii), 2- (iv), 3- (ii), 4- (i)

  4. 1- (iii), 2- (ii), 3- (iv), 4- (i)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sternum or breastbone is a flat, narrow and long bone which forms the base for attachment of ribs and is made up of one bone; there are 24 bones or 12 pairs consisting of the rib cage; pelvis consists of 3 bones and face is composed of facial bones which are 14 in number.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans respiratory system in humans

Read the following statements (A to D)
(A) Rib is a flat bone connected vertebral column and dorsally to the sternum.
(B) First seven pairs of ribs are called true ribs.
(C) 8$^{th}$ ,9$^{th}$ and 10$^{th}$  pairs of the ribs are called vertebro sternal ribs.
(D) 10$^{th}$ and 11$^{th}$ pairs of ribs are not connected dorsally and are therefore called floating ribs.
How many statements are correct?

  1. One

  2. Two

  3. Three

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A. Ribs are attached to sternum with their anterior ends.

B. First seven pair of ribs are called true ribs because their anterior are directly attached to the sternum.
C. The 8th, 9th and 10th pair of ribs are called false ribs.
D. 11tth and 12th pair of ribs are called floating ribs because their anterior ends are not attached to the sternum.
Hence only statement B is correct.
So, the correct answer is 'One'.