Biology · General Awareness

Skeletal and Muscular System

1,098 Questions

The skeletal and muscular system is a core topic in human biology. It covers the structure and function of bones, joints, and muscles. These concepts frequently appear in general science sections of various competitive exams. Master this topic to score higher.

Types of jointsHuman body bonesSkeletal fracturesMuscle anatomy

Skeletal and Muscular System Questions

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

The number of vertebrae present in cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccyx regions respectively in a child are

  1. 12, 7, 5, 1, 1

  2. 1, 7, 5, 12, 1

  3. 7, 5, 1, 12, 1

  4. 7, 12, 5, 5, 4

  5. 5, 12, 7, 1, 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vertebral column is part of the axial skeleton. It is the flexible column extending from neck to tail.

The human vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae. These are divided into different regions, which correspond to the curves of the spinal column. The vertebrae are numbered and divided into regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx.
Cervical: The 7 cervical vertebrae are numbered C1 to C7 in neck. Its function is to support the weight of the head.
Thoracic: The 12 thoracic vertebrae are numbered T1 to T12. Main function of the thoracic spine is to hold the rib cage and protect the heart and lungs.
Lumbar: The 5 lumbar vertebrae are numbered L1 to L5. Main function of the lumbar spine is to bear the weight of the body.
Sacrum: There are 5 sacral vertebrae, which are fused together. Main function of the sacrum is to connect the spine to the hip bones.
Coccyx: The 4 fused bones of the coccyx provide attachment for ligaments and muscles of the pelvic floor. 
Therefore the number of vertebrae present in cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccyx regions respectively are 7, 12, 5, 5, 4.
So, the correct answer is '7,12,5,5,4.

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Sacrum in human is formed by the fusion of

  1. 3 vertebrae

  2. 5 vertebrae

  3. 8 vertebrae

  4. 6 vertebrae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The sacrum is a part of the vertebral column. It is formed by the fusion of 5 bones. It is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine. The main function of the sacrum is to connect the spine to the hip bones (iliac). The sacrum is a very strong bone that supports the weight of the upper body as it is spread across the pelvis and into the legs. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

The peculiarity of cervical vertebrae is

  1. Odontoid process

  2. Large spine

  3. Large centrum

  4. Transverse arterial canals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In human beings, the cervical vertebrae comprise of the vertebrae of the neck, immediately below the skull. This is the smallest of the true vertebrae, and the distinguishing feature is the presence of a foramen or hole in each transverse process and through which the vertebral artery passes.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Which of these are typical cervical vertebrae?

  1. 1, 2, 7

  2. 5, 6, 7

  3. 1, 2, 3

  4. 4, 5, 6

  5. 3, 4, 5, 6
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation
  • The cervical spine is made up of 7 vertebrae. The first 2, C1 and C2, are highly specialized and are given unique names: atlas and axis, respectively. C3-C7 are more classic vertebrae, having a body, pedicles, laminae, spinous processes, and facet joints.
  • The typical cervical vertebrae are $C3, C4, C5, and C6$. The atypical cervical vertebrae are C1 – Atlas, C2 – Axis, and C7 – vertebra. The key difference between typical and atypical vertebrae is that typical vertebrae consist of all basic components of a vertebra while atypical vertebrae are the vertebrae that have modified structure due to their position and function.
  • Hence 3, 4, 5, 6 are typical cervical vertebrae.
  • So,the correct answer is '3,4,5,6'.
Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Consider the following statements.
I. In man, vertebral column has 33 bones organised as 26 bones.
II. The pelvic girdle is made up of three fused bones only.
III. Osteoporosis is characterised by deterioration of the bone due to deficiency of phosphorous.

  1. I alone is correct

  2. II alone is correct

  3. III alone is incorrect

  4. I alone is incorrect

  5. II alone is incorrect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Osteoporosis is a bone disease that occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both. As a result, bones become weak and may break from a fall or, in serious cases, from sneezing or minor bumps. Osteoporosis means “porous bone.”
  • Osteoporosis can be caused due to deficiency of vitamin D, while osteomalacia is caused by a deficiency in calcium and phosphorus. 
  • Hence Osteoporosis is characterized by deterioration of the bone due to deficiency of phosphorous is an incorrect statement.
  • So, the correct answer is 'III alone is incorrect'.
Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Bifurcated spinous process is present in

  1. All cervical vertebrae

  2. Second and Sixth cervical vertebrae

  3. All thoracic vertebrae

  4. First and seventh cervical vertebrae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • The spinous process extends posteriorly, or rearward, from the laminae of the vertebra, and is a point of attachment for several muscles, ligaments, and fasciae. 
  • In cervical vertebrae C2 through C6, there exists a common variation of bifurcation. A spinous process is considered bifurcated when a small 'split' occurs at the distal end.
  • ​The bifurcation allows for the nuchal ligament to fall centrally which allows the cervical musculature to attach jointly to this strong ligament, as well as the spinous process without interference at the bony insertion.
  • Hence the Bifurcated spinous process is present in second and Sixth cervical vertebrae.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Second and Sixth cervical vertebrae'.
Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

Pick up the correct match for number of bones.
1. Sternum ------ (i) 14
2. Ribs       ------ (ii) 1
3. Pelvis     ------ (iii) 24
4. Face       ------ (iv) 3

  1. 1- (ii), 2- (iii), 3- (iv), 4- (i)

  2. 1- (ii), 2- (iii), 3- (i), 4- (iv)

  3. 1- (iii), 2- (iv), 3- (ii), 4- (i)

  4. 1- (iii), 2- (ii), 3- (iv), 4- (i)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sternum or breastbone is a flat, narrow and long bone which forms the base for attachment of ribs and is made up of one bone; there are 24 bones or 12 pairs consisting of the rib cage; pelvis consists of 3 bones and face is composed of facial bones which are 14 in number.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology gas exchange and smoking gas exchange gas exchange in humans respiratory system in humans

Read the following statements (A to D)
(A) Rib is a flat bone connected vertebral column and dorsally to the sternum.
(B) First seven pairs of ribs are called true ribs.
(C) 8$^{th}$ ,9$^{th}$ and 10$^{th}$  pairs of the ribs are called vertebro sternal ribs.
(D) 10$^{th}$ and 11$^{th}$ pairs of ribs are not connected dorsally and are therefore called floating ribs.
How many statements are correct?

  1. One

  2. Two

  3. Three

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A. Ribs are attached to sternum with their anterior ends.

B. First seven pair of ribs are called true ribs because their anterior are directly attached to the sternum.
C. The 8th, 9th and 10th pair of ribs are called false ribs.
D. 11tth and 12th pair of ribs are called floating ribs because their anterior ends are not attached to the sternum.
Hence only statement B is correct.
So, the correct answer is 'One'.

Multiple choice evs bones skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food components and importance of food

The fore arm has two bones.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The forearm is the region of the upper limb between the elbow and the wrist. The forearm contains two long bones, the radius and the ulna, forming the radioulnar joint. The ulna is the longer and larger of the two bones, residing on the medial side of the forearm. Compared to the ulna, the radius is slightly shorter, thinner, and extends from the lateral side of the elbow. 
So, the answer is true.
Multiple choice evs bones skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food components and importance of food

The finger bones do not have joints.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The hand and wrist are made up of many different bones, muscles and ligaments that enable a wide range of movements. Rather than a single joint, each of the fingers has three joints: Metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP)- joint at the base of the finger, Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP)- joint in the middle of the finger and Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)- joint closest to the fingertip. Each thumb has two joints.
So, the answer is false.
Multiple choice evs bones skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food components and importance of food

The longest bone in our body is

  1. Thigh bone

  2. Fore arm bone

  3. Sternum

  4. Girdle bone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Femur or thighbone is the longest bone in the body. The head of the femur fits into the hip socket and the bottom end connects to your knee. The two bones beneath the knee that make up your shin are tibia and fibula. The upper and lower leg are connected by a hinge joint.

So, the correct answer is 'Thigh bone'.

Multiple choice evs bones skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food components and importance of food

The only movable part of the skull is

  1. Upper jaw

  2. Lower jaw

  3. Both A & B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • The mandible or lower jaw, is the only movable part of the skull, forming the temporomandibular joint with the temporal bone.
  • The mandible is the largest, strongest and lowest bone in the human face. It forms the lower jaw and holds the lower teeth in place.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Lower jaw'.
Multiple choice evs bones skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food components and importance of food

Which of the bone structures protect the lungs in our body?

  1. Rib cage

  2. Skull

  3. Vertebral column

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

All human beings respire air through the process of inhalation and exhalation. That is inhaled passes through the entire respiratory tract and reaches the lungs. Lungs are respiratory organs located in the thoracic cavity of our body.  The partial pressure of the air inside the lungs guides the process of inhalation and exhalation. They are surrounded by ribs. Ribs are bones that together form the rib cage in our thorax. The rib cage protects the lungs.

So, option A "Rib cage" is the correct answer.