Chemistry · Science General

Separation Techniques

813 Questions

Separation techniques involve physical methods to isolate mixtures, including distillation, filtration, and crystallization. Competitive exams frequently test these foundational concepts. Review the exact processes to enhance problem solving speed.

Distillation and evaporationCrystallization processFiltration methodsSeparating dissolved solidsChromatography and mass techniques

Separation Techniques Questions

Multiple choice separation of components of mixtures methods of separation elements, compounds and mixtures chemistry

Which of the following technique is used for the separation of a mixture of a liquid and a gas?

  1. Boiling

  2. Sublimation

  3. Crystallization

  4. Fractional distillation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The technique used for the separation of a mixture of a liquid and a gas is boiling. The gas is removed by application of heat.  With the increase in temperature, the solubility of gas decreases. The gas is collected separately

Multiple choice separation of components of mixtures methods of separation elements, compounds and mixtures chemistry

A mixture of hydrogen and chlorine can be seperated by passage through a porous pot.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A mixture of hydrogen and chlorine can be separated by passage through a porous pot. This is because the diffusion of hydrogen more than that of chlorine in the porous pot. So, most of chlorine remains outside the pot.

Multiple choice separation of components of mixtures methods of separation elements, compounds and mixtures chemistry

Alcohol and water are best separated from one another by :

  1. distillation

  2. crystallization

  3. manual separation

  4. chromatography

  5. filtration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Alcohol and water are best separated from one another by distillation. 


Alcohol and water are miscible but they have different boiling points.

If the difference in the boiling points of alcohol and water is less, fractional distillation can be used.

Hence the correct option is A.

Multiple choice separation of components of mixtures methods of separation elements, compounds and mixtures chemistry

Gases are separated from each other by:

  1. fractional evaporation

  2. fractional distillation

  3. fractional crystallisation

  4. fractional sublimation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Gases can be separated by fractional distillation. Firstly, the mixture is cooled until it forms a liquid. This is followed by heating it. The gas with lower boiling point rises in the distillation column & is thus separated.
Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Petroleum is subjected to which of the following process in oil refineries to get petroleum products?

  1. combustion

  2. pyrolysis

  3. fractional distillation

  4. carbinization
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Refining is the process where seperation of various compounds of crude oil occurs. 


Fractional distillation is used for extracting different petroleum products like petrol, diesel, natural gas from petroleum in oil refineries.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

The crude oil extracted from the earth is separated into its constituents by a process called .....................

  1. disintegration distillation

  2. compound distillation

  3. destructive distillation

  4. fractional distillation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The constituents of crude oil have a very less difference in their boiling point so they are separated by fractional distillation process.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

The first step in refining petroleum is:

  1. fractional distillation

  2. liquation

  3. concentration

  4. filtration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The very first step in the refining of petroleum oil is Fractional distillation i.e, the fractionation of crude oil in atmospheric vacuum distillation towers. 

The first process in a petroleum refinery is known as distillation. In this process, crude oil is heated and filled into a distillation column.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

In the refining of petroleum, in a fractionating column, the principle use is ________.

  1. difference in melting points

  2. difference in boling points

  3. diffrence in freezing points

  4. difference in densities
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A fractional column is an essential item used in the distillation of liquid mixtures so as to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on the differences in volatilities. Industrial fractionating columns have outlets at intervals up the column so that multiple products having different boiling ranges may be withdrawn from a column distilling a multi-component feed stream. The lightest products with the lowest boiling points exit from the top of the columns and the heaviest products with the highest boiling points exit from the bottom.

Multiple choice chemistry petrochemicals and polymers petroleum properties of alkanes petroleum and natural gas rocks and minerals

Which component, obtained from the refining of petroleum, is used as a solvent in petrochemicals.

  1. Tar

  2. Kerosene

  3. Naphthalene

  4. Petroleum coal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Naphthalene (an aromatic hydrocarbon) is obtained from the refining of petroleum. It is used as a solvent in petrochemicals. Naphthalene is non polar solvent and is used to dissolve non polar compounds.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human tongue organ of taste tongue : the organ of taste

Smack' is : 

  1. Chemically formaline

  2. Sweet to taste

  3. Obtained by acetylation of morphine

  4. Extracted from the latex of Cannabis saliva
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Smack is the common name for heroin, which is chemically diacetylmorphine. It is synthesized by the acetylation of morphine, a substance extracted from the latex of the poppy plant, Papaver somniferum.

Multiple choice biology protectors of biosphere structure of chloroplast plastids photosynthetic pigments

On what basis, paper chromatography separates plant pigments?

  1. The non - polarity of the solvents and pigments

  2. The polarity of the paper

  3. The polarity of the pigments

  4. All of the above

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Paper chromatography is a technique that is used in the laboratories to separate plant pigments. The concept used is that this helps to separate the mixture into its component molecules. The molecules migrate, or move up the paper, at different rates because of differences in solubility, molecular mass, and hydrogen bonding with the paper.

Multiple choice chemistry separation of matter sedimentation, decantation and filtration other methods of separation separation methods

If the constituents of a solid-liquid mixture have different masses, then we can separate them using:

  1. sublimation

  2. centrifugation

  3. winnowing

  4. evaporation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Centrifugation is a technique which involves the application of centrifugal force to separate particles from a solution. The larger the size and the larger the density of the particles, the faster they separate from the mixture. Example- washing machine works on the principle of centrifugation.